feat(discovery): AI tagging, semantic search, similarity, duplicate finder, folder management

Adds a full discovery and organisation layer to the gallery.

## AI Tagger
- WD tagger (ONNX via ort) with DirectML/CPU acceleration
- Per-image and per-folder tag queuing; configurable batch size and
  confidence threshold; model downloaded on first use via ureq/zip
- Tags stored with source ('ai' | 'user'); user tags are never
  overwritten by AI; AI tags protected from accidental promotion
- Tagger pause/resume per folder; in-flight batches discarded cleanly
  on pause or cancellation without leaving jobs stuck in processing

## Semantic & Tag Search
- CLIP text-query embedding via candle (HuggingFace hub model)
- Progressive candidate doubling with filter post-processing so
  folder/rating/media-kind filters do not silently under-return results
- Tag search with DB-backed pagination (offset + COUNT total)
- Filename search unchanged; prefix syntax: s:, t:, f: in search bar

## Similarity Search
- HNSW in-memory index (hnsw_rs) with monotonic embedding_revision
  counter for cache invalidation; build_index retries if a concurrent
  write advances the revision during construction
- Folder-scoped similar search uses brute-force cosine scan (no k limit)
- Region-based similarity: crop an arbitrary rectangle in the lightbox,
  embed it with CLIP, find the nearest images globally or within folder
- Pagination for both similar and region results; scope toggle
  (all media / current folder) re-runs the query without reopening image

## Duplicate Finder
- Three-phase detection: stat (size) → sample hash (4×16 KB windows)
  → full-file hash (xxh3, large files only) to eliminate false positives
- Filesystem-first deletion: only removes DB rows for files successfully
  deleted from disk; failed files remain visible for retry
- Persisted scan cache (SQLite) with invalidation on reindex and deletion;
  both global and per-folder scopes invalidated after any deletion

## Tag Cloud & Explore
- Visual cluster explore: k-means over CLIP embeddings, configurable k,
  representative thumbnail per cluster; cache keyed on xxh3 of embedding set
- Tag explore: ranked tag list with image counts and representative
  thumbnail per tag; invalidated when AI tagging completes or folder removed
- Tag autocomplete for search bar

## Folder Management
- Inline rename (display name only, not OS rename)
- Relocate: file-picker to update folder path; all image paths rewritten
  using SUBSTR prefix replacement to avoid corrupting paths that contain
  the folder name as a substring
- Missing-folder recovery banner: Locate or Remove, never silent deletion
- Right-click context menu on sidebar items: Reindex, Rename, Locate,
  Remove; hover buttons preserved alongside context menu

## Background Tasks
- Per-folder progress panel with embedding, tagging, caption, and
  thumbnail stage breakdown
- Retry button per task for failed embeddings and tagging jobs
- Completed-task notifications (system tray via tauri-plugin-notification)
- Scan errors shown inline; WalkDir permission errors protect existing
  records from deletion rather than cascading data loss

## Backend correctness
- sqlite-vec DML performed outside transactions throughout (virtual-table
  limitation); embedding revision incremented on delete as well as insert
- Tagging job discard checks status = 'processing' so paused jobs reset
  to 'pending' are also skipped, not just cancelled ones
- Stale async responses in Lightbox guarded with cancellation flags and
  currentImageIdRef for both tag-load and tag-add callbacks
- Duplicate cache cleared on reindex; folder-removal clears vector rows
  outside transaction before deleting the folder row

.gitignore

@@ -29,3 +29,9 @@ dist-ssr
 
 # Local staging area
 /staging
+
+# Misc
+*.py
+*.json
+
+*.pyc

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# CLAUDE.md
+
+This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.
+
+## Project overview
+
+**Phokus** — a Tauri v2 desktop image gallery app with a React/TypeScript frontend and a Rust backend. The app indexes local media folders, generates thumbnails via FFmpeg, computes visual embeddings for semantic search and similarity, and AI-tags images using the WD tagger (ONNX via `ort`). AI captioning code exists in the backend but the UI surface has been removed; the worker is commented out in `lib.rs`.
+
+## Commands
+
+```bash
+# Development (Vite hot-reload + Rust auto-rebuild)
+pnpm dev:app
+
+# Frontend only (no Tauri window)
+pnpm dev:vite
+
+# Production build
+pnpm build:app
+
+# Type-check frontend
+pnpm build:vite
+```
+
+Use **pnpm** — never npm.
+
+There are no test suites configured.
+
+## Architecture
+
+### Frontend (`src/`)
+
+- **`store.ts`** — single Zustand store (`useGalleryStore`) that owns all app state and all `invoke()` calls to the Tauri backend. Every feature (folders, images, search, similar images, tags, captions, tagger, duplicates) is implemented as store actions here. React components are thin consumers.
+- **`App.tsx`** — sets up Tauri event listeners (`subscribeToProgress`) and renders the top-level layout (sidebar + active view).
+- **`src/components/`** — UI components: `Gallery`, `Lightbox`, `Sidebar`, `Toolbar`, `TagCloud`, `DuplicateFinder`, `BackgroundTasks`, `SettingsModal`, `MenuBar`, `TitleBar`.
+- State management: Zustand v5, no selectors library — components call `useGalleryStore(s => s.field)` directly.
+- Styling: Tailwind CSS v4 (Vite plugin, no config file).
+- Virtualized gallery grid: `@tanstack/react-virtual`.
+- Animation: `framer-motion`.
+
+### Search modes
+
+The search bar supports prefix syntax parsed by `parseSearchValue` in `store.ts`:
+- No prefix / `f:` — filename search (paginated, DB-backed)
+- `/s <query>` or `s: <query>` — semantic (embedding) search
+- `/t <tag>` or `t: <tag>` — tag search
+
+### Backend (`src-tauri/src/`)
+
+Workers are started in `lib.rs` and run as background threads throughout the app lifetime:
+- **thumbnail worker** (multiple threads, count from `StorageProfile::Balanced`)
+- **metadata worker** — FFmpeg probe for video files
+- **embedding worker** — generates CLIP-style visual embeddings (candle, HuggingFace hub)
+- **tagging worker** — WD tagger via ONNX Runtime (`ort`), DirectML/CPU acceleration
+
+Key modules:
+| File | Purpose |
+|------|---------|
+| `db.rs` | SQLite pool (r2d2 + rusqlite), schema migrations, all query functions |
+| `commands.rs` | All `#[tauri::command]` handlers — one-to-one with frontend `invoke()` calls |
+| `indexer.rs` | Worker thread launchers and job dispatch |
+| `embedder.rs` | Visual embedding generation (candle + HF hub models) |
+| `vector.rs` | sqlite-vec integration + HNSW index for ANN search |
+| `hnsw_index.rs` | In-memory HNSW index wrapper (hnsw_rs) |
+| `tagger.rs` | WD tagger: ONNX model download, inference, CSV tag loading |
+| `captioner.rs` | AI captioning (ONNX, disabled in workers but code intact) |
+| `thumbnail.rs` | Thumbnail generation (image crate + fast_image_resize, FFmpeg for video) |
+| `media.rs` | FFmpeg sidecar provisioning and probing |
+| `storage.rs` | `StorageProfile` for tuning worker counts |
+
+Database: SQLite with WAL mode, stored in the Tauri app data directory as `gallery.db`. Thumbnails stored alongside as `thumbnails/`.
+
+### Tauri events (backend → frontend)
+
+| Event | Payload |
+|-------|---------|
+| `index-progress` | `IndexProgress` |
+| `media-job-progress` | `MediaJobProgressEvent` |
+| `indexed-images` | `IndexedImagesBatch` |
+| `media-updated` | `ThumbnailBatch` |
+| `caption-model-progress` | `CaptionModelProgress` |
+| `tagger-model-progress` | `TaggerModelProgress` |
+| `duplicate_scan_progress` | `[scanned, total]` |
+
+### Key types
+
+`ImageRecord` (mirrored in `store.ts` and `db.rs`) is the central data type. It carries embedding status, tagging status, caption data, and media metadata. The frontend type must stay in sync with the Rust struct serialization.
+
+## Development notes
+
+- Hot Reload is active during `dev:app` — do not restart the server for frontend changes. Restart only when adding Rust crates or changing Vite config.
+- ML inference crates (`candle-*`, `ort`, `image`, `rayon`, `tokenizers`, `xxhash-rust`, `rusqlite`) use `opt-level = 3` in dev profile to keep inference performance acceptable.
+- The caption worker is intentionally disabled (`lib.rs:73`) — the backend code is intact for future re-enabling.
+- **Never use `any` type** in TypeScript — look up correct types.

README.md

@@ -1,116 +1,58 @@
 # Phokus
 
-## Overview
+A local-first desktop media library for browsing, filtering, and curating image and video folders.
 
-Phokus is a Tauri desktop app for building a fast, local media library from folders on disk. It indexes images and videos, stores metadata in SQLite, and gives you a dense browsing workflow with filtering, favorites, ratings, and a lightbox preview.
+## Features
 
-The current app is optimized for:
+- Add and remove media folders; background indexing with live progress
-
+- Browse all media or filter by folder, type (image/video), favorites, or star rating
-- local folders instead of cloud import flows
+- **Filename search**, **semantic search** (`/s query`), and **tag search** (`/t tag`)
-- large visual libraries
+- **Similar image search** — find visually similar media by image or selected region
-- quick review and curation
+- **AI tagging** via WD tagger (ONNX, CPU/DirectML) with confidence threshold control
-- mixed image and video browsing
+- **Explore view** — visual cluster map and tag cloud for browsing by theme
-
+- **Duplicate finder** — scan for exact duplicates by file hash with bulk delete
-## Current features
+- Lightbox preview with keyboard navigation, inline tag editing, and rating controls
-
+- Sort by date, name, size, rating, or duration
-- Add and remove media folders
+- Grid density controls (compact / comfortable / detail)
-- Background indexing with progress updates
-- Browse all media or filter by folder
-- Search by filename
-- Filter by images, videos, or favorites
-- Sort by modified date, name, or file size
-- Grid density controls
-- Lightbox preview with keyboard navigation
-- Favorite and star-rating metadata saved in SQLite
-- Virtualized/local-first architecture built on Tauri + React
 
 ## Supported formats
 
-Images:
+| Images | Videos |
-
+|--------|--------|
-- `jpg`
+| jpg, jpeg, png, gif, bmp | mp4, mov, m4v |
-- `jpeg`
+| tiff, tif, webp, avif, heic, heif | webm |
-- `png`
-- `gif`
-- `bmp`
-- `tiff`
-- `tif`
-- `webp`
-- `avif`
-- `heic`
-- `heif`
-
-Videos:
-
-- `mp4`
-- `mov`
-- `m4v`
-- `webm`
 
 ## Stack
 
-- Tauri 2
+- Tauri 2 + Rust backend
-- React 19
+- React 19 + TypeScript + Zustand
-- TypeScript
+- SQLite + `sqlite-vec` (vector search)
-- Zustand
+- ONNX Runtime (`ort`) for AI tagging
-- Rust
+- Candle (Rust ML) for visual embeddings
-- SQLite + `sqlite-vec`
+- FFmpeg sidecar for video thumbnails and metadata
-- Vite
+- Vite + Tailwind CSS v4
-
-## Project structure
-
-- `src/`: React UI, state, and components
-- `src-tauri/src/commands.rs`: Tauri command surface
-- `src-tauri/src/db.rs`: SQLite schema and queries
-- `src-tauri/src/indexer.rs`: folder crawling and batch indexing
-- `src-tauri/src/vector.rs`: vector table setup for future semantic workflows
 
 ## Development
 
-### Prerequisites
+**Prerequisites:** Node.js 20+, pnpm, Rust toolchain, Tauri system prerequisites for Windows.
-
-- Node.js 20+
-- `pnpm`
-- Rust toolchain
-- Tauri system prerequisites for Windows
-
-### Install
 
 ```bash
 pnpm install
-```
 
-### Run in development
+# Run with hot-reload (frontend + Rust)
+pnpm dev:app
 
-```bash
+# Frontend only
-pnpm tauri dev
+pnpm dev:vite
-```
 
-### Build
+# Production build
-
+pnpm build:app
-```bash
-pnpm tauri build
 ```
 
 ## How it works
 
-1. Add a folder from the sidebar or Library menu.
+1. Add a folder from the sidebar — the Rust indexer walks it recursively.
-2. The Rust indexer walks the directory recursively.
+2. Supported files are written to SQLite with metadata (path, dimensions, media type, etc.).
-3. Supported files are written into SQLite with metadata such as path, size, dimensions, media type, rating, and favorite state.
+3. Background workers generate thumbnails, compute visual embeddings, and run AI tagging.
 4. Progress events stream back to the UI while the gallery updates incrementally.
-5. The gallery view loads media in pages and opens items in a lightbox for review.
+5. Embeddings power semantic search and the similar images feature via an HNSW index.
-
-## Notes
-
-- This is currently a local desktop library, not a sync product.
-- Search is filename-based right now.
-- The vector table and embedding fields exist, but semantic search is not wired into the UI yet.
-- Some visible UI copy may still use the old working name until the frontend text is updated.
-
-## Positioning
-
-The clearest product description today is:
-
-> A local-first desktop media library for browsing, filtering, and curating image and video folders.
-
-That description is more accurate than "gallery" alone and gives you a better base for future branding, onboarding copy, and a landing page.

index.html

@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
 <html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
-    <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/vite.svg" />
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
-    <title>Tauri + React + Typescript</title>
+    <title>Phokus</title>
   </head>
-
   <body>
     <div id="root"></div>
     <script type="module" src="/src/main.tsx"></script>

package.json

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
   "version": "0.1.0",
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {
-    "dev": "vite",
+    "build:app": "tauri build",
-    "build": "tsc && vite build",
+    "build:vite": "tsc && vite build",
+    "dev:app": "tauri dev",
+    "dev:vite": "vite",
     "preview": "vite preview",
     "tauri": "tauri"
   },
@@ -14,7 +16,9 @@
     "@tauri-apps/api": "^2",
     "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog": "^2.7.0",
     "@tauri-apps/plugin-fs": "^2.5.0",
+    "@tauri-apps/plugin-notification": "^2.3.3",
     "@tauri-apps/plugin-opener": "^2",
+    "d3-force": "^3.0.0",
     "framer-motion": "^12.38.0",
     "react": "^19.1.0",
     "react-dom": "^19.1.0",
@@ -23,6 +27,7 @@
   "devDependencies": {
     "@tailwindcss/vite": "^4.2.2",
     "@tauri-apps/cli": "^2",
+    "@types/d3-force": "^3.0.10",
     "@types/react": "^19.1.8",
     "@types/react-dom": "^19.1.6",
     "@vitejs/plugin-react": "^4.6.0",

pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -20,9 +20,15 @@ importers:
       '@tauri-apps/plugin-fs':
         specifier: ^2.5.0
         version: 2.5.0
+      '@tauri-apps/plugin-notification':
+        specifier: ^2.3.3
+        version: 2.3.3
       '@tauri-apps/plugin-opener':
         specifier: ^2
         version: 2.5.3
+      d3-force:
+        specifier: ^3.0.0
+        version: 3.0.0
       framer-motion:
         specifier: ^12.38.0
         version: 12.38.0(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)
@@ -42,6 +48,9 @@ importers:
       '@tauri-apps/cli':
         specifier: ^2
         version: 2.10.1
+      '@types/d3-force':
+        specifier: ^3.0.10
+        version: 3.0.10
       '@types/react':
         specifier: ^19.1.8
         version: 19.2.14
@@ -647,6 +656,9 @@ packages:
   '@tauri-apps/plugin-fs@2.5.0':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-c83kbz61AK+rKjhS+je9+stIO27nXj7p9cqeg36TwkIUtxpCFTttlHHtqon6h6FN54cXjyAjlMPOJcW3mwE5XQ==}
 
+  '@tauri-apps/plugin-notification@2.3.3':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Zw+ZH18RJb41G4NrfHgIuofJiymusqN+q8fGUIIV7vyCH+5sSn5coqRv/MWB9qETsUs97vmU045q7OyseCV3Qg==}
+
   '@tauri-apps/plugin-opener@2.5.3':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-CCcUltXMOfUEArbf3db3kCE7Ggy1ExBEBl51Ko2ODJ6GDYHRp1nSNlQm5uNCFY5k7/ufaK5Ib3Du/Zir19IYQQ==}
 
@@ -662,6 +674,9 @@ packages:
   '@types/babel__traverse@7.28.0':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-8PvcXf70gTDZBgt9ptxJ8elBeBjcLOAcOtoO/mPJjtji1+CdGbHgm77om1GrsPxsiE+uXIpNSK64UYaIwQXd4Q==}
 
+  '@types/d3-force@3.0.10':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ZYeSaCF3p73RdOKcjj+swRlZfnYpK1EbaDiYICEEp5Q6sUiqFaFQ9qgoshp5CzIyyb/yD09kD9o2zEltCexlgw==}
+
   '@types/estree@1.0.8':
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-dWHzHa2WqEXI/O1E9OjrocMTKJl2mSrEolh1Iomrv6U+JuNwaHXsXx9bLu5gG7BUWFIN0skIQJQ/L1rIex4X6w==}
 
@@ -698,6 +713,22 @@ packages:
   csstype@3.2.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-z1HGKcYy2xA8AGQfwrn0PAy+PB7X/GSj3UVJW9qKyn43xWa+gl5nXmU4qqLMRzWVLFC8KusUX8T/0kCiOYpAIQ==}
 
+  d3-dispatch@3.0.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-rzUyPU/S7rwUflMyLc1ETDeBj0NRuHKKAcvukozwhshr6g6c5d8zh4c2gQjY2bZ0dXeGLWc1PF174P2tVvKhfg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=12'}
+
+  d3-force@3.0.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-zxV/SsA+U4yte8051P4ECydjD/S+qeYtnaIyAs9tgHCqfguma/aAQDjo85A9Z6EKhBirHRJHXIgJUlffT4wdLg==}
+    engines: {node: '>=12'}
+
+  d3-quadtree@3.0.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-04xDrxQTDTCFwP5H6hRhsRcb9xxv2RzkcsygFzmkSIOJy3PeRJP7sNk3VRIbKXcog561P9oU0/rVH6vDROAgUw==}
+    engines: {node: '>=12'}
+
+  d3-timer@3.0.1:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ndfJ/JxxMd3nw31uyKoY2naivF+r29V+Lc0svZxe1JvvIRmi8hUsrMvdOwgS1o6uBHmiz91geQ0ylPP0aj1VUA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=12'}
+
   debug@4.4.3:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-RGwwWnwQvkVfavKVt22FGLw+xYSdzARwm0ru6DhTVA3umU5hZc28V3kO4stgYryrTlLpuvgI9GiijltAjNbcqA==}
     engines: {node: '>=6.0'}
@@ -1423,6 +1454,10 @@ snapshots:
     dependencies:
       '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
 
+  '@tauri-apps/plugin-notification@2.3.3':
+    dependencies:
+      '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
+
   '@tauri-apps/plugin-opener@2.5.3':
     dependencies:
       '@tauri-apps/api': 2.10.1
@@ -1448,6 +1483,8 @@ snapshots:
     dependencies:
       '@babel/types': 7.29.0
 
+  '@types/d3-force@3.0.10': {}
+
   '@types/estree@1.0.8': {}
 
   '@types/react-dom@19.2.3(@types/react@19.2.14)':
@@ -1486,6 +1523,18 @@ snapshots:
 
   csstype@3.2.3: {}
 
+  d3-dispatch@3.0.1: {}
+
+  d3-force@3.0.0:
+    dependencies:
+      d3-dispatch: 3.0.1
+      d3-quadtree: 3.0.1
+      d3-timer: 3.0.1
+
+  d3-quadtree@3.0.1: {}
+
+  d3-timer@3.0.1: {}
+
   debug@4.4.3:
     dependencies:
       ms: 2.1.3

src-tauri/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[target.x86_64-pc-windows-msvc]
+rustflags = [
+    # Disable MSVC incremental linking — avoids .ilk file corruption
+    # and removes one source of link failure on restart.
+    "-C", "link-arg=/INCREMENTAL:NO",
+    # Skip PDB generation entirely in dev builds.
+    # The .pdb file is the most common reason the linker fails after
+    # an unclean shutdown: the previous phokus.exe process holds the
+    # file open, so link.exe cannot write a new one → LNK error.
+    # Rust backtraces still work without MSVC PDBs.
+    "-C", "link-arg=/DEBUG:NONE",
+]

src-tauri/Cargo.lock

@@ -61,6 +61,73 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "anndists"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a8396b473aa0bceed68fb32462505387ea39fa47c7029417e0a49f10592b036"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpu-time",
+ "env_logger",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "log",
+ "num-traits",
+ "num_cpus",
+ "rayon",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anstream"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "824a212faf96e9acacdbd09febd34438f8f711fb84e09a8916013cd7815ca28d"
+dependencies = [
+ "anstyle",
+ "anstyle-parse",
+ "anstyle-query",
+ "anstyle-wincon",
+ "colorchoice",
+ "is_terminal_polyfill",
+ "utf8parse",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anstyle"
+version = "1.0.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "940b3a0ca603d1eade50a4846a2afffd5ef57a9feac2c0e2ec2e14f9ead76000"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anstyle-parse"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "52ce7f38b242319f7cabaa6813055467063ecdc9d355bbb4ce0c68908cd8130e"
+dependencies = [
+ "utf8parse",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anstyle-query"
+version = "1.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "40c48f72fd53cd289104fc64099abca73db4166ad86ea0b4341abe65af83dadc"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "anstyle-wincon"
+version = "3.0.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "291e6a250ff86cd4a820112fb8898808a366d8f9f58ce16d1f538353ad55747d"
+dependencies = [
+ "anstyle",
+ "once_cell_polyfill",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
 version = "1.0.102"
@@ -266,6 +333,15 @@ version = "1.8.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "2af50177e190e07a26ab74f8b1efbfe2ef87da2116221318cb1c2e82baf7de06"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "bincode"
+version = "1.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b1f45e9417d87227c7a56d22e471c6206462cba514c7590c09aff4cf6d1ddcad"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bit-set"
 version = "0.8.0"
@@ -595,6 +671,12 @@ version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9330f8b2ff13f34540b44e946ef35111825727b38d33286ef986142615121801"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cfg_aliases"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "613afe47fcd5fac7ccf1db93babcb082c5994d996f20b8b159f2ad1658eb5724"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "chacha20"
 version = "0.10.0"
@@ -626,6 +708,12 @@ version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3d7b894f5411737b7867f4827955924d7c254fc9f4d91a6aad6b097804b1018b"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "colorchoice"
+version = "1.0.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1d07550c9036bf2ae0c684c4297d503f838287c83c53686d05370d0e139ae570"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "combine"
 version = "4.6.7"
@@ -757,6 +845,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cpu-time"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e9e393a7668fe1fad3075085b86c781883000b4ede868f43627b34a87c8b7ded"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "winapi",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "cpufeatures"
 version = "0.2.17"
@@ -874,6 +972,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.117",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "csv"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "52cd9d68cf7efc6ddfaaee42e7288d3a99d613d4b50f76ce9827ae0c6e14f938"
+dependencies = [
+ "csv-core",
+ "itoa",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "csv-core"
+version = "0.1.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "704a3c26996a80471189265814dbc2c257598b96b8a7feae2d31ace646bb9782"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ctor"
 version = "0.2.9"
@@ -1331,12 +1450,35 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.117",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "env_filter"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "32e90c2accc4b07a8456ea0debdc2e7587bdd890680d71173a15d4ae604f6eef"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "regex",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "env_home"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c7f84e12ccf0a7ddc17a6c41c93326024c42920d7ee630d04950e6926645c0fe"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "env_logger"
+version = "0.11.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0621c04f2196ac3f488dd583365b9c09be011a4ab8b9f37248ffcc8f6198b56a"
+dependencies = [
+ "anstream",
+ "anstyle",
+ "env_filter",
+ "jiff",
+ "log",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "equivalent"
 version = "1.0.2"
@@ -2319,6 +2461,8 @@ version = "0.15.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9229cfe53dfd69f0609a49f65461bd93001ea1ef889cd5529dd176593f5338a1"
 dependencies = [
+ "allocator-api2",
+ "equivalent",
  "foldhash 0.1.5",
 ]
 
@@ -2389,6 +2533,37 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hmac-sha256"
+version = "1.1.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ec9d92d097f4749b64e8cc33d924d9f40a2d4eb91402b458014b781f5733d60f"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hnsw_rs"
+version = "0.3.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "43a5258f079b97bf2e8311ff9579e903c899dcbac0d9a138d62e9a066778bd07"
+dependencies = [
+ "anndists",
+ "anyhow",
+ "bincode",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpu-time",
+ "env_logger",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+ "indexmap 2.13.1",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "log",
+ "mmap-rs",
+ "num-traits",
+ "num_cpus",
+ "parking_lot",
+ "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rayon",
+ "serde",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "html5ever"
 version = "0.29.1"
@@ -2792,6 +2967,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "is_terminal_polyfill"
+version = "1.70.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a6cb138bb79a146c1bd460005623e142ef0181e3d0219cb493e02f7d08a35695"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "itertools"
 version = "0.14.0"
@@ -2830,6 +3011,30 @@ dependencies = [
  "system-deps",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "jiff"
+version = "0.2.23"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1a3546dc96b6d42c5f24902af9e2538e82e39ad350b0c766eb3fbf2d8f3d8359"
+dependencies = [
+ "jiff-static",
+ "log",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "portable-atomic-util",
+ "serde_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "jiff-static"
+version = "0.2.23"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2a8c8b344124222efd714b73bb41f8b5120b27a7cc1c75593a6ff768d9d05aa4"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.117",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "jni"
 version = "0.21.1"
@@ -2931,6 +3136,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "selectors 0.24.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "lazy_static"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "leb128fmt"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -3059,6 +3270,12 @@ version = "0.4.29"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5e5032e24019045c762d3c0f28f5b6b8bbf38563a65908389bf7978758920897"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "lzma-rust2"
+version = "0.15.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1670343e58806300d87950e3401e820b519b9384281bbabfb15e3636689ffd69"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "lzma-sys"
 version = "0.1.20"
@@ -3076,6 +3293,27 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c41e0c4fef86961ac6d6f8a82609f55f31b05e4fce149ac5710e439df7619ba4"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "mac-notification-sys"
+version = "0.6.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "50efa634682b3fc5a1ab6f3dd5b2bce7b848011fc485b53b063dc68f2f74feae"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "objc2",
+ "objc2-foundation",
+ "time",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "mach2"
+version = "0.4.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d640282b302c0bb0a2a8e0233ead9035e3bed871f0b7e81fe4a1ec829765db44"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "macro_rules_attribute"
 version = "0.2.2"
@@ -3134,6 +3372,16 @@ version = "0.1.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "2532096657941c2fea9c289d370a250971c689d4f143798ff67113ec042024a5"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "matrixmultiply"
+version = "0.3.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a06de3016e9fae57a36fd14dba131fccf49f74b40b7fbdb472f96e361ec71a08"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+ "rawpointer",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "memchr"
 version = "2.8.0"
@@ -3192,6 +3440,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "mmap-rs"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4ecce9d566cb9234ae3db9e249c8b55665feaaf32b0859ff1e27e310d2beb3d8"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.11.0",
+ "combine",
+ "libc",
+ "mach2",
+ "nix",
+ "sysctl",
+ "thiserror 2.0.18",
+ "widestring",
+ "windows 0.48.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "monostate"
 version = "0.1.18"
@@ -3262,6 +3527,21 @@ dependencies = [
  "tempfile",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ndarray"
+version = "0.17.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "520080814a7a6b4a6e9070823bb24b4531daac8c4627e08ba5de8c5ef2f2752d"
+dependencies = [
+ "matrixmultiply",
+ "num-complex",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "portable-atomic-util",
+ "rawpointer",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ndk"
 version = "0.9.0"
@@ -3298,6 +3578,18 @@ version = "1.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "650eef8c711430f1a879fdd01d4745a7deea475becfb90269c06775983bbf086"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "nix"
+version = "0.30.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "74523f3a35e05aba87a1d978330aef40f67b0304ac79c1c00b294c9830543db6"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.11.0",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cfg_aliases",
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "nodrop"
 version = "0.1.14"
@@ -3314,6 +3606,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "minimal-lexical",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "notify-rust"
+version = "4.17.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "50ff2e74231b72c832d82982193b417f230945be6bdb5575b251d941d31adb00"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-lite",
+ "log",
+ "mac-notification-sys",
+ "serde",
+ "tauri-winrt-notification",
+ "zbus",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ntapi"
 version = "0.4.3"
@@ -3576,6 +3882,12 @@ version = "1.21.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9f7c3e4beb33f85d45ae3e3a1792185706c8e16d043238c593331cc7cd313b50"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "once_cell_polyfill"
+version = "1.70.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "384b8ab6d37215f3c5301a95a4accb5d64aa607f1fcb26a11b5303878451b4fe"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "onig"
 version = "6.5.1"
@@ -3670,6 +3982,31 @@ dependencies = [
  "pin-project-lite",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ort"
+version = "2.0.0-rc.12"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d7de3af33d24a745ffb8fab904b13478438d1cd52868e6f17735ef6e1f8bf133"
+dependencies = [
+ "libloading 0.9.0",
+ "ndarray",
+ "ort-sys",
+ "smallvec",
+ "tracing",
+ "ureq",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ort-sys"
+version = "2.0.0-rc.12"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d7b497d21a8b6fbb4b5a544f8fadb77e801a09ae0add9e411d31c6f89e3c1e90"
+dependencies = [
+ "hmac-sha256",
+ "lzma-rust2",
+ "ureq",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pango"
 version = "0.18.3"
@@ -3947,11 +4284,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "candle-nn",
  "candle-transformers",
  "chrono",
+ "csv",
  "fast_image_resize",
  "ffmpeg-sidecar",
  "hf-hub",
+ "hnsw_rs",
  "image",
  "log",
+ "memmap2",
+ "ort",
  "r2d2",
  "r2d2_sqlite",
  "rayon",
@@ -3964,12 +4305,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "tauri-build",
  "tauri-plugin-dialog",
  "tauri-plugin-fs",
+ "tauri-plugin-notification",
  "tauri-plugin-opener",
  "tokenizers",
  "tokio",
+ "ureq",
  "uuid",
  "walkdir",
  "xxhash-rust",
+ "zip 4.6.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4009,7 +4353,7 @@ checksum = "740ebea15c5d1428f910cd1a5f52cebf8d25006245ed8ade92702f4943d91e07"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.22.1",
  "indexmap 2.13.1",
- "quick-xml",
+ "quick-xml 0.38.4",
  "serde",
  "time",
 ]
@@ -4060,6 +4404,15 @@ version = "1.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c33a9471896f1c69cecef8d20cbe2f7accd12527ce60845ff44c153bb2a21b49"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "portable-atomic-util"
+version = "0.2.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "091397be61a01d4be58e7841595bd4bfedb15f1cd54977d79b8271e94ed799a3"
+dependencies = [
+ "portable-atomic",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "potential_utf"
 version = "0.1.5"
@@ -4217,6 +4570,15 @@ version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a993555f31e5a609f617c12db6250dedcac1b0a85076912c436e6fc9b2c8e6a3"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "quick-xml"
+version = "0.37.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "331e97a1af0bf59823e6eadffe373d7b27f485be8748f71471c662c1f269b7fb"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "quick-xml"
 version = "0.38.4"
@@ -4421,6 +4783,12 @@ version = "0.6.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "20675572f6f24e9e76ef639bc5552774ed45f1c30e2951e1e99c59888861c539"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rawpointer"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "60a357793950651c4ed0f3f52338f53b2f809f32d83a07f72909fa13e4c6c1e3"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rayon"
 version = "1.11.0"
@@ -5684,6 +6052,25 @@ dependencies = [
  "url",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tauri-plugin-notification"
+version = "2.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "01fc2c5ff41105bd1f7242d8201fdf3efd70749b82fa013a17f2126357d194cc"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "notify-rust",
+ "rand 0.9.2",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "serde_repr",
+ "tauri",
+ "tauri-plugin",
+ "thiserror 2.0.18",
+ "time",
+ "url",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tauri-plugin-opener"
 version = "2.5.3"
@@ -5806,6 +6193,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "toml 0.9.12+spec-1.1.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tauri-winrt-notification"
+version = "0.7.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b1e66e07de489fe43a46678dd0b8df65e0c973909df1b60ba33874e297ba9b9"
+dependencies = [
+ "quick-xml 0.37.5",
+ "thiserror 2.0.18",
+ "windows 0.61.3",
+ "windows-version",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tempfile"
 version = "3.27.0"
@@ -6473,6 +6872,12 @@ version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b6c140620e7ffbb22c2dee59cafe6084a59b5ffc27a8859a5f0d494b5d52b6be"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "utf8parse"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "06abde3611657adf66d383f00b093d7faecc7fa57071cce2578660c9f1010821"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
 version = "1.23.0"
@@ -6836,6 +7241,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "winsafe",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "widestring"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72069c3113ab32ab29e5584db3c6ec55d416895e60715417b5b883a357c3e471"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "winapi"
 version = "0.3.9"
@@ -6882,6 +7293,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-version",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e686886bc078bc1b0b600cac0147aadb815089b6e4da64016cbd754b6342700f"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows"
 version = "0.61.3"
@@ -7134,6 +7554,21 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.42.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a2fa6e2155d7247be68c096456083145c183cbbbc2764150dda45a87197940c"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.48.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-targets"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7200,6 +7635,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "597a5118570b68bc08d8d59125332c54f1ba9d9adeedeef5b99b02ba2b0698f8"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b38e32f0abccf9987a4e3079dfb67dcd799fb61361e53e2882c3cbaf0d905d8"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7218,6 +7659,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e08e8864a60f06ef0d0ff4ba04124db8b0fb3be5776a5cd47641e942e58c4d43"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc35310971f3b2dbbf3f0690a219f40e2d9afcf64f9ab7cc1be722937c26b4bc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7236,6 +7683,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c61d927d8da41da96a81f029489353e68739737d3beca43145c8afec9a31a84f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a75915e7def60c94dcef72200b9a8e58e5091744960da64ec734a6c6e9b3743e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7266,6 +7719,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "44d840b6ec649f480a41c8d80f9c65108b92d89345dd94027bfe06ac444d1060"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7284,6 +7743,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8de912b8b8feb55c064867cf047dda097f92d51efad5b491dfb98f6bbb70cb36"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7302,6 +7767,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "26d41b46a36d453748aedef1486d5c7a85db22e56aff34643984ea85514e94a3"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -7320,6 +7791,12 @@ version = "0.42.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9aec5da331524158c6d1a4ac0ab1541149c0b9505fde06423b02f5ef0106b9f0"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"

src-tauri/Cargo.toml

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ rusqlite = { version = "0.32", features = ["bundled"] }
 r2d2 = "0.8"
 r2d2_sqlite = "0.25"
 sqlite-vec = "=0.1.9"
+hnsw_rs = "0.3.4"
 image = { version = "0.25", default-features = false, features = ["jpeg", "png", "webp", "gif", "bmp", "tiff"] }
 fast_image_resize = { version = "6.0.0", features = ["image"] }
 walkdir = "2"
@@ -38,9 +39,63 @@ anyhow = "1"
 log = "0.4"
 ffmpeg-sidecar = "2.5.0"
 xxhash-rust = { version = "0.8", features = ["xxh3"] }
+memmap2 = "0.9"
 sysinfo = "0.38.4"
 candle-core = { version = "0.10.2", features = ["cuda"] }
 candle-nn = { version = "0.10.2", features = ["cuda"] }
 candle-transformers = { version = "0.10.2", features = ["cuda"] }
 hf-hub = { version = "0.5.0", default-features = false, features = ["ureq", "native-tls"] }
 tokenizers = "0.22.1"
+ort = { version = "2.0.0-rc.12", default-features = false, features = ["std", "ndarray", "download-binaries", "copy-dylibs", "load-dynamic", "directml", "api-24", "tls-native"] }
+ureq = { version = "3.3.0", default-features = false, features = ["native-tls"] }
+zip = { version = "4.6.1", default-features = false, features = ["deflate"] }
+csv = "1"
+tauri-plugin-notification = "2"
+
+# ── Dev-mode performance ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# opt-level=1 on the main crate keeps incremental compile short.
+# Only the packages that are genuine hot-path bottlenecks in dev get opt-level=3
+# (using "*" caused cargo to recheck all dependency fingerprints too aggressively,
+# which caused spurious full rebuilds and linker conflicts).
+[profile.dev]
+opt-level = 1
+
+# ML inference — without opt these run 20-50× slower than release
+[profile.dev.package.candle-core]
+opt-level = 3
+[profile.dev.package.candle-nn]
+opt-level = 3
+[profile.dev.package.candle-transformers]
+opt-level = 3
+
+# ONNX runtime (WD tagger)
+[profile.dev.package.ort]
+opt-level = 3
+[profile.dev.package.ort-sys]
+opt-level = 3
+
+# Image decode/resize workers
+[profile.dev.package.image]
+opt-level = 3
+[profile.dev.package.fast_image_resize]
+opt-level = 3
+
+# Parallel work scheduler
+[profile.dev.package.rayon]
+opt-level = 3
+[profile.dev.package.rayon-core]
+opt-level = 3
+
+# Tokenisation (embedding model pre-processing)
+[profile.dev.package.tokenizers]
+opt-level = 3
+
+# Hashing (duplicate finder)
+[profile.dev.package.xxhash-rust]
+opt-level = 3
+
+# SQLite (frequent db calls in workers)
+[profile.dev.package.rusqlite]
+opt-level = 3
+[profile.dev.package.libsqlite3-sys]
+opt-level = 3

src-tauri/capabilities/default.json

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     "fs:allow-read-dir",
     "fs:read-files",
     "fs:read-dirs",
+    "notification:default",
     "core:window:allow-minimize",
     "core:window:allow-close",
     "core:window:allow-toggle-maximize",

src-tauri/src/embedder.rs

@@ -74,6 +74,51 @@ impl ClipImageEmbedder {
         Ok(self.embed_images(&[path.to_path_buf()])?.remove(0))
     }
 
+    /// Embed a cropped region of an image without writing a temp file to disk.
+    /// `crop_x`, `crop_y`, `crop_w`, `crop_h` are normalized 0.0–1.0 coordinates.
+    pub fn embed_image_crop(
+        &self,
+        path: &Path,
+        crop_x: f32,
+        crop_y: f32,
+        crop_w: f32,
+        crop_h: f32,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<f32>> {
+        let img = image::ImageReader::open(path)?
+            .with_guessed_format()?
+            .decode()?;
+
+        let img_w = img.width() as f32;
+        let img_h = img.height() as f32;
+
+        let x = ((crop_x * img_w) as u32).min(img.width().saturating_sub(1));
+        let y = ((crop_y * img_h) as u32).min(img.height().saturating_sub(1));
+        let w = ((crop_w * img_w) as u32).max(1).min(img.width() - x);
+        let h = ((crop_h * img_h) as u32).max(1).min(img.height() - y);
+
+        let cropped = img.crop_imm(x, y, w, h);
+        let resized = cropped.resize_to_fill(
+            self.image_size as u32,
+            self.image_size as u32,
+            image::imageops::FilterType::Triangle,
+        );
+
+        let raw = resized.to_rgb8().into_raw();
+        let tensor = candle_core::Tensor::from_vec(
+            raw,
+            (self.image_size, self.image_size, 3),
+            &candle_core::Device::Cpu,
+        )?
+        .permute((2, 0, 1))?
+        .to_dtype(candle_core::DType::F32)?
+        .affine(2.0 / 255.0, -1.0)?;
+
+        let batch = tensor.unsqueeze(0)?.to_device(&self.device)?;
+        let features = self.model.get_image_features(&batch)?;
+        let normalized = candle_transformers::models::clip::div_l2_norm(&features)?;
+        Ok(normalized.get(0)?.flatten_all()?.to_vec1::<f32>()?)
+    }
+
     pub fn embed_images(&self, paths: &[PathBuf]) -> Result<Vec<Vec<f32>>> {
         let images = load_images(paths, self.image_size)?.to_device(&self.device)?;
         let features = self.model.get_image_features(&images)?;

src-tauri/src/hnsw_index.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+use crate::vector;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use hnsw_rs::prelude::{DistCosine, Hnsw, Neighbour};
+use rusqlite::Connection;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::{OnceLock, RwLock};
+
+const HNSW_MAX_CONNECTIONS: usize = 24;
+const HNSW_EF_CONSTRUCTION: usize = 300;
+const HNSW_EF_SEARCH: usize = 96;
+
+struct CachedHnswIndex {
+    revision: String,
+    image_ids_by_external: Vec<i64>,
+    external_by_image_id: HashMap<i64, usize>,
+    hnsw: Hnsw<'static, f32, DistCosine>,
+}
+
+static IMAGE_HNSW_INDEX: OnceLock<RwLock<Option<CachedHnswIndex>>> = OnceLock::new();
+
+fn cache() -> &'static RwLock<Option<CachedHnswIndex>> {
+    IMAGE_HNSW_INDEX.get_or_init(|| RwLock::new(None))
+}
+
+fn build_index(conn: &Connection) -> Result<CachedHnswIndex> {
+    // Read the revision *before* fetching embeddings so we can detect any write
+    // that races with the build. If the revision advances while we are building,
+    // the resulting index would be stale — retry until it is stable.
+    loop {
+        let revision_before = vector::get_embedding_revision(conn)?;
+
+        let embeddings = vector::get_all_image_embeddings_with_ids(conn, None)?;
+        let max_elements = embeddings.len().max(1);
+        let max_layer = 16.min((max_elements as f32).ln().trunc() as usize).max(1);
+        let mut hnsw = Hnsw::<f32, DistCosine>::new(
+            HNSW_MAX_CONNECTIONS,
+            max_elements,
+            max_layer,
+            HNSW_EF_CONSTRUCTION,
+            DistCosine {},
+        );
+
+        let image_ids_by_external = embeddings
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(image_id, _)| *image_id)
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let external_by_image_id = image_ids_by_external
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(external_id, image_id)| (*image_id, external_id))
+            .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
+        let data_with_id = embeddings
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(external_id, (_, embedding))| (embedding, external_id))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+        hnsw.parallel_insert(&data_with_id);
+        hnsw.set_searching_mode(true);
+
+        // If the revision is unchanged the index reflects a consistent snapshot.
+        let revision_after = vector::get_embedding_revision(conn)?;
+        if revision_before == revision_after {
+            return Ok(CachedHnswIndex {
+                revision: revision_after,
+                image_ids_by_external,
+                external_by_image_id,
+                hnsw,
+            });
+        }
+        // A concurrent write advanced the revision — discard this build and retry.
+    }
+}
+
+fn ensure_index(conn: &Connection) -> Result<()> {
+    let revision = vector::get_embedding_revision(conn)?;
+
+    {
+        let guard = cache().read().expect("hnsw cache poisoned");
+        if guard.as_ref().map(|cached| cached.revision.as_str()) == Some(revision.as_str()) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+    }
+
+    let next = build_index(conn)?;
+    let mut guard = cache().write().expect("hnsw cache poisoned");
+    *guard = Some(next);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn find_similar_image_matches(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    image_id: i64,
+    folder_id: Option<i64>,
+    threshold: f32,
+    offset: usize,
+    limit: usize,
+) -> Result<Vec<(i64, f32)>> {
+    ensure_index(conn)?;
+
+    let query_embedding = match vector::get_image_embedding(conn, image_id)? {
+        Some(embedding) => embedding,
+        None => return Ok(Vec::new()),
+    };
+
+    // Fetch folder image IDs *before* acquiring the read lock so we don't hold
+    // the lock across a potentially slow SQLite query, which would delay any
+    // concurrent ensure_index call waiting for a write lock.
+    let folder_image_ids: Option<Vec<i64>> = if let Some(folder_id) = folder_id {
+        let ids = vector::get_all_image_embeddings_with_ids(conn, Some(folder_id))?
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(id, _)| id)
+            .collect();
+        Some(ids)
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+
+    let guard = cache().read().expect("hnsw cache poisoned");
+    let Some(cached) = guard.as_ref() else {
+        return Ok(Vec::new());
+    };
+
+    let knbn = (offset + limit).max(limit).saturating_add(32);
+    let neighbours: Vec<Neighbour> = if let Some(image_ids) = folder_image_ids {
+        let mut allowed_ids = image_ids
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|allowed_image_id| {
+                cached.external_by_image_id.get(&allowed_image_id).copied()
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        allowed_ids.sort_unstable();
+        cached
+            .hnsw
+            .search_filter(&query_embedding, knbn, HNSW_EF_SEARCH, Some(&allowed_ids))
+    } else {
+        cached.hnsw.search(&query_embedding, knbn, HNSW_EF_SEARCH)
+    };
+
+    let matches = neighbours
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|neighbour| {
+            let image_id_match = cached.image_ids_by_external.get(neighbour.d_id).copied()?;
+            if image_id_match == image_id || neighbour.distance > threshold {
+                return None;
+            }
+            Some((image_id_match, neighbour.distance))
+        })
+        .skip(offset)
+        .take(limit)
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    Ok(matches)
+}

src-tauri/src/indexer.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
+use crate::captioner::{self, FlorenceCaptioner};
 use crate::db::{self, DbPool, EmbeddingJob, FolderJobProgress, ImageRecord, IndexedMediaEntry};
 use crate::embedder::{embedding_source_path, ClipImageEmbedder};
 use crate::media::{probe_video_metadata, MediaTools};
 use crate::storage::{detect_storage_profile, RuntimeAdaptiveProfile, StorageProfile};
+use crate::tagger::{self, WdTagger};
 use crate::thumbnail;
 use crate::vector;
 use anyhow::Result;
@@ -9,7 +11,6 @@ use rayon::prelude::*;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use std::sync::{Mutex, OnceLock};
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 use tauri::{AppHandle, Emitter};
@@ -22,29 +23,97 @@ const IMAGE_EXTENSIONS: &[&str] = &[
 const VIDEO_EXTENSIONS: &[&str] = &["mp4", "mov", "m4v", "webm"];
 
 const JOB_PROGRESS_EMIT_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_millis(750);
+const CAPTION_BATCH_SIZE: usize = 1;
 
 static LAST_JOB_PROGRESS_EMIT: OnceLock<Mutex<HashMap<i64, Instant>>> = OnceLock::new();
 static ACTIVE_INDEXING_FOLDERS: OnceLock<Mutex<HashSet<i64>>> = OnceLock::new();
 
-static THUMBNAIL_WORKER_PAUSED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+static PAUSED_WORKER_FOLDERS: OnceLock<Mutex<PausedWorkerFolders>> = OnceLock::new();
-static METADATA_WORKER_PAUSED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
-static EMBEDDING_WORKER_PAUSED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
 
-pub fn set_worker_paused(worker: &str, paused: bool) {
+#[derive(Default)]
-    match worker {
+struct PausedWorkerFolders {
-        "thumbnail" => THUMBNAIL_WORKER_PAUSED.store(paused, Ordering::Relaxed),
+    thumbnail: HashSet<i64>,
-        "metadata" => METADATA_WORKER_PAUSED.store(paused, Ordering::Relaxed),
+    metadata: HashSet<i64>,
-        "embedding" => EMBEDDING_WORKER_PAUSED.store(paused, Ordering::Relaxed),
+    embedding: HashSet<i64>,
-        _ => {}
+    caption: HashSet<i64>,
+    tagging: HashSet<i64>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct FolderWorkerPausedState {
+    pub thumbnail: bool,
+    pub metadata: bool,
+    pub embedding: bool,
+    pub caption: bool,
+    pub tagging: bool,
+}
+
+pub fn set_worker_paused(worker: &str, folder_id: i64, paused: bool) {
+    if let Ok(mut paused_folders) = PAUSED_WORKER_FOLDERS
+        .get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(PausedWorkerFolders::default()))
+        .lock()
+    {
+        let folder_set = match worker {
+            "thumbnail" => Some(&mut paused_folders.thumbnail),
+            "metadata" => Some(&mut paused_folders.metadata),
+            "embedding" => Some(&mut paused_folders.embedding),
+            "caption" => Some(&mut paused_folders.caption),
+            "tagging" => Some(&mut paused_folders.tagging),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        if let Some(folder_set) = folder_set {
+            if paused {
+                folder_set.insert(folder_id);
+            } else {
+                folder_set.remove(&folder_id);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
-pub fn get_worker_paused_states() -> [bool; 3] {
+pub fn get_worker_paused_states(folder_ids: &[i64]) -> HashMap<i64, FolderWorkerPausedState> {
-    [
+    let Ok(paused_folders) = PAUSED_WORKER_FOLDERS
-        THUMBNAIL_WORKER_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+        .get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(PausedWorkerFolders::default()))
-        METADATA_WORKER_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+        .lock()
-        EMBEDDING_WORKER_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
+    else {
-    ]
+        return HashMap::new();
+    };
+
+    folder_ids
+        .iter()
+        .copied()
+        .map(|folder_id| {
+            (
+                folder_id,
+                FolderWorkerPausedState {
+                    thumbnail: paused_folders.thumbnail.contains(&folder_id),
+                    metadata: paused_folders.metadata.contains(&folder_id),
+                    embedding: paused_folders.embedding.contains(&folder_id),
+                    caption: paused_folders.caption.contains(&folder_id),
+                    tagging: paused_folders.tagging.contains(&folder_id),
+                },
+            )
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn paused_folder_ids(worker: &str) -> HashSet<i64> {
+    let Ok(paused_folders) = PAUSED_WORKER_FOLDERS
+        .get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(PausedWorkerFolders::default()))
+        .lock()
+    else {
+        return HashSet::new();
+    };
+
+    match worker {
+        "thumbnail" => paused_folders.thumbnail.clone(),
+        "metadata" => paused_folders.metadata.clone(),
+        "embedding" => paused_folders.embedding.clone(),
+        "caption" => paused_folders.caption.clone(),
+        "tagging" => paused_folders.tagging.clone(),
+        _ => HashSet::new(),
+    }
 }
 static FOLDER_STORAGE_PROFILES: OnceLock<Mutex<HashMap<i64, RuntimeAdaptiveProfile>>> =
     OnceLock::new();
@@ -78,11 +147,50 @@ pub struct MediaJobProgressEvent {
 
 pub fn index_folder(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf) {
     std::thread::spawn(move || {
+        set_folder_indexing_state(folder_id, true);
+
+        // If the folder path no longer exists on disk, record the error and
+        // emit done. Images are intentionally kept in the DB so the user can
+        // choose to relocate the folder or remove it explicitly — they should
+        // not be silently destroyed.
+        if !folder_path.is_dir() {
+            let error_msg = format!("Folder not found: {}", folder_path.display());
+            eprintln!("Indexing error for folder {}: {}", folder_id, error_msg);
+            if let Ok(conn) = pool.get() {
+                let _ = db::set_folder_scan_error(&conn, folder_id, &error_msg);
+            }
+            emit_progress(
+                &app,
+                &IndexProgress {
+                    folder_id,
+                    total: 0,
+                    indexed: 0,
+                    current_file: String::new(),
+                    done: true,
+                },
+            );
+            set_folder_indexing_state(folder_id, false);
+            return;
+        }
+
         let storage_profile = detect_storage_profile(&folder_path);
         set_folder_storage_profile(folder_id, RuntimeAdaptiveProfile::new(storage_profile));
-        set_folder_indexing_state(folder_id, true);
+        if let Err(error) = do_index(app.clone(), &pool, folder_id, folder_path) {
-        if let Err(error) = do_index(app, pool, folder_id, folder_path) {
+            eprintln!("Indexing error for folder {}: {}", folder_id, error);
-            eprintln!("Indexing error: {}", error);
+            if let Ok(conn) = pool.get() {
+                let _ = db::set_folder_scan_error(&conn, folder_id, &error.to_string());
+            }
+            // Always emit done so the frontend reloads and recovers from partial state.
+            emit_progress(
+                &app,
+                &IndexProgress {
+                    folder_id,
+                    total: 0,
+                    indexed: 0,
+                    current_file: String::new(),
+                    done: true,
+                },
+            );
         }
         set_folder_indexing_state(folder_id, false);
     });
@@ -95,10 +203,6 @@ pub fn start_thumbnail_worker(
     cache_dir: PathBuf,
 ) {
     std::thread::spawn(move || loop {
-        if THUMBNAIL_WORKER_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-            std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500));
-            continue;
-        }
         if let Err(error) = process_thumbnail_batch(&app, &pool, &media_tools, &cache_dir) {
             eprintln!("Thumbnail worker error: {}", error);
         }
@@ -108,10 +212,6 @@ pub fn start_thumbnail_worker(
 
 pub fn start_metadata_worker(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, media_tools: MediaTools) {
     std::thread::spawn(move || loop {
-        if METADATA_WORKER_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-            std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500));
-            continue;
-        }
         if let Err(error) = process_metadata_batch(&app, &pool, &media_tools) {
             eprintln!("Metadata worker error: {}", error);
         }
@@ -124,10 +224,6 @@ pub fn start_embedding_worker(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool) {
         let mut embedder: Option<ClipImageEmbedder> = None;
         println!("Embedding worker started.");
         loop {
-            if EMBEDDING_WORKER_PAUSED.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-                std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500));
-                continue;
-            }
             if let Err(error) = process_embedding_batch(&app, &pool, &mut embedder) {
                 eprintln!("Embedding worker error: {}", error);
             }
@@ -136,7 +232,49 @@ pub fn start_embedding_worker(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool) {
     });
 }
 
-fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf) -> Result<()> {
+pub fn start_caption_worker(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, app_data_dir: PathBuf) {
+    std::thread::spawn(move || {
+        let mut captioner: Option<FlorenceCaptioner> = None;
+        println!("Caption worker started.");
+        loop {
+            // If the acceleration setting changed, drop the cached session so
+            // the next batch picks it up with the new execution provider.
+            if captioner::CAPTION_SESSION_DIRTY.swap(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                println!("Caption worker: acceleration setting changed — resetting session.");
+                captioner = None;
+            }
+            if let Err(error) = process_caption_batch(&app, &pool, &app_data_dir, &mut captioner) {
+                eprintln!("Caption worker error: {}", error);
+                captioner = None;
+            }
+            std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(750));
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+pub fn start_tagging_worker(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, app_data_dir: PathBuf) {
+    std::thread::spawn(move || {
+        let mut tagger_instance: Option<WdTagger> = None;
+        println!("Tagging worker started.");
+        loop {
+            // If the acceleration setting changed, drop the cached session so
+            // the next batch picks it up with the new execution provider.
+            if tagger::TAGGER_SESSION_DIRTY.swap(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                println!("Tagging worker: acceleration setting changed — resetting session.");
+                tagger_instance = None;
+            }
+            if let Err(error) =
+                process_tagging_batch(&app, &pool, &app_data_dir, &mut tagger_instance)
+            {
+                eprintln!("Tagging worker error: {}", error);
+                tagger_instance = None;
+            }
+            std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(750));
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: &DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf) -> Result<()> {
     let existing_entries = {
         let conn = pool.get()?;
         db::get_folder_media_index(&conn, folder_id)?
@@ -146,12 +284,32 @@ fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf)
         .map(|entry| (entry.path.clone(), entry))
         .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
 
+    // Collect traversal errors separately. An unreadable subdirectory means we
+    // cannot distinguish absent files from inaccessible ones; tracking errors
+    // lets us skip the deletion step for paths under affected subtrees.
+    let mut unreadable_prefixes: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
     let media_paths: Vec<PathBuf> = WalkDir::new(&folder_path)
         .follow_links(true)
         .into_iter()
-        .filter_map(|entry| entry.ok())
+        .filter_map(|entry| match entry {
-        .filter(|entry| entry.file_type().is_file() && is_supported_media(entry.path()))
+            Ok(e) if e.file_type().is_file() && is_supported_media(e.path()) => {
-        .map(|entry| entry.path().to_path_buf())
+                Some(e.path().to_path_buf())
+            }
+            Ok(_) => None,
+            Err(err) => {
+                // Record the inaccessible path so we can protect its descendants
+                // from the missing-file deletion pass.
+                if let Some(path) = err.path() {
+                    unreadable_prefixes.push(path.to_string_lossy().into_owned());
+                }
+                eprintln!(
+                    "WalkDir error while scanning folder {}: {}",
+                    folder_path.display(),
+                    err
+                );
+                None
+            }
+        })
         .collect();
 
     let total = media_paths.len();
@@ -197,7 +355,7 @@ fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf)
                     images: committed,
                 },
             );
-            emit_folder_job_progress(&app, &pool, &[folder_id]);
+            emit_folder_job_progress(&app, &pool, &[folder_id], false);
         }
 
         processed += path_chunk.len();
@@ -224,6 +382,17 @@ fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf)
     let missing_ids = existing_by_path
         .values()
         .filter(|entry| !seen_paths.contains(&entry.path))
+        .filter(|entry| {
+            // If this path lives under a subtree that WalkDir couldn't read,
+            // we don't know whether the file is gone or just temporarily
+            // inaccessible — keep the record to avoid false deletions.
+            // Use Path::starts_with (component-aware) so a sibling directory
+            // whose name shares a prefix is not incorrectly protected.
+            let entry_path = std::path::Path::new(&entry.path);
+            unreadable_prefixes
+                .iter()
+                .all(|prefix| !entry_path.starts_with(prefix))
+        })
         .map(|entry| entry.id)
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
@@ -232,7 +401,14 @@ fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf)
         if !missing_ids.is_empty() {
             db::delete_images_by_ids(&conn, &missing_ids)?;
         }
+        let _ = db::backfill_embedding_jobs(&conn)?;
         db::update_folder_count(&conn, folder_id)?;
+        let _ = db::clear_folder_scan_error(&conn, folder_id);
+        // Invalidate duplicate scan cache — any reindex can change file contents
+        // or the set of files, making cached duplicate groups stale.
+        let folder_scope = format!("folder:{}", folder_id);
+        let _ = db::clear_duplicate_scan_cache(&conn, &folder_scope);
+        let _ = db::clear_duplicate_scan_cache(&conn, "all");
     }
 
     emit_progress(
@@ -245,7 +421,7 @@ fn do_index(app: AppHandle, pool: DbPool, folder_id: i64, folder_path: PathBuf)
             done: true,
         },
     );
-    emit_folder_job_progress(&app, &pool, &[folder_id]);
+    emit_folder_job_progress(&app, &pool, &[folder_id], true);
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -302,6 +478,14 @@ fn build_record(
         embedding_model: Some(vector::CLIP_MODEL_NAME.to_string()),
         embedding_updated_at: None,
         embedding_error: None,
+        generated_caption: None,
+        caption_model: None,
+        caption_updated_at: None,
+        caption_error: None,
+        ai_rating: None,
+        ai_tagger_model: None,
+        ai_tagged_at: None,
+        ai_tagger_error: None,
     })
 }
 
@@ -335,11 +519,13 @@ fn process_thumbnail_batch(
         with_db_write_lock(|| {
             let mut conn = pool.get()?;
             let active_folders = active_indexing_folders();
+            let paused_folders = paused_folder_ids("thumbnail");
             let worker_batch_size = max_worker_batch_size(&active_folders);
             let worker_fetch_size = max_worker_fetch_size(&active_folders);
             db::claim_thumbnail_jobs(
                 &mut conn,
                 &active_folders,
+                &paused_folders,
                 worker_fetch_size,
                 worker_batch_size,
             )
@@ -428,7 +614,7 @@ fn process_thumbnail_batch(
                 images: updated_images,
             },
         );
-        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), true);
     }
 
     Ok(())
@@ -439,11 +625,13 @@ fn process_metadata_batch(app: &AppHandle, pool: &DbPool, media_tools: &MediaToo
         with_db_write_lock(|| {
             let mut conn = pool.get()?;
             let active_folders = active_indexing_folders();
+            let paused_folders = paused_folder_ids("metadata");
             let worker_batch_size = max_worker_batch_size(&active_folders);
             let worker_fetch_size = max_worker_fetch_size(&active_folders);
             db::claim_metadata_jobs(
                 &mut conn,
                 &active_folders,
+                &paused_folders,
                 worker_fetch_size,
                 worker_batch_size,
             )
@@ -506,7 +694,7 @@ fn process_metadata_batch(app: &AppHandle, pool: &DbPool, media_tools: &MediaToo
                 images: updated_images,
             },
         );
-        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), true);
     }
 
     Ok(())
@@ -518,14 +706,11 @@ fn process_embedding_batch(
     embedder: &mut Option<ClipImageEmbedder>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     let batch_started_at = Instant::now();
-    if embedder.is_none() {
-        *embedder = Some(ClipImageEmbedder::new()?);
-    }
-
     let claim_started_at = Instant::now();
+    let paused_folders = paused_folder_ids("embedding");
     let jobs = with_db_write_lock(|| {
         let mut conn = pool.get()?;
-        db::claim_embedding_jobs(&mut conn, EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE)
+        db::claim_embedding_jobs(&mut conn, &paused_folders, EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE)
     })?;
     let claim_elapsed = claim_started_at.elapsed();
 
@@ -533,9 +718,18 @@ fn process_embedding_batch(
         return Ok(());
     }
 
+    if embedder.is_none() {
+        *embedder = Some(ClipImageEmbedder::new()?);
+    }
+
     println!("Embedding batch claimed: {} items", jobs.len());
     let folder_ids = jobs.iter().map(|job| job.folder_id).collect::<HashSet<_>>();
-    emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+    emit_folder_job_progress(
+        app,
+        pool,
+        &folder_ids.iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        false,
+    );
     let embedder = embedder.as_ref().expect("embedder should be initialized");
 
     let infer_started_at = Instant::now();
@@ -639,7 +833,7 @@ fn process_embedding_batch(
                 images: updated_images,
             },
         );
-        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>());
+        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), true);
     }
 
     let write_elapsed = write_started_at.elapsed();
@@ -652,6 +846,237 @@ fn process_embedding_batch(
     Ok(())
 }
 
+fn process_caption_batch(
+    app: &AppHandle,
+    pool: &DbPool,
+    app_data_dir: &Path,
+    captioner: &mut Option<FlorenceCaptioner>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    if !captioner::caption_model_status(app_data_dir).ready {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let paused_folders = paused_folder_ids("caption");
+    let jobs = with_db_write_lock(|| {
+        let mut conn = pool.get()?;
+        db::claim_caption_jobs(&mut conn, &paused_folders, CAPTION_BATCH_SIZE)
+    })?;
+
+    if jobs.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    if captioner.is_none() {
+        match FlorenceCaptioner::new(app_data_dir) {
+            Ok(model) => *captioner = Some(model),
+            Err(error) => {
+                with_db_write_lock(|| {
+                    let conn = pool.get()?;
+                    db::requeue_caption_jobs(
+                        &conn,
+                        &jobs.iter().map(|job| job.image_id).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+                    )
+                })?;
+                return Err(error);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let folder_ids = jobs.iter().map(|job| job.folder_id).collect::<HashSet<_>>();
+    emit_folder_job_progress(
+        app,
+        pool,
+        &folder_ids.iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        false,
+    );
+
+    let captioner = captioner
+        .as_mut()
+        .expect("captioner should be initialized before caption batch processing");
+    let caption_results = jobs
+        .iter()
+        .map(|job| (job.clone(), captioner.generate(Path::new(&job.path))))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    let updated_images = with_db_write_lock(|| {
+        let mut conn = pool.get()?;
+        let tx = conn.transaction()?;
+        let mut updated_images = Vec::with_capacity(caption_results.len());
+
+        for (job, caption_result) in &caption_results {
+            if db::is_caption_job_cancelled(&tx, job.image_id)? {
+                tx.execute(
+                    "DELETE FROM caption_jobs WHERE image_id = ?1",
+                    [job.image_id],
+                )?;
+                continue;
+            }
+            match caption_result {
+                Ok(caption) => {
+                    updated_images.push(db::update_generated_caption(
+                        &tx,
+                        job.image_id,
+                        caption,
+                        captioner::FLORENCE_CAPTION_MODEL_NAME,
+                    )?);
+                }
+                Err(error) => {
+                    db::mark_caption_failed(&tx, job.image_id, &error.to_string())?;
+                    updated_images.push(db::get_image_by_id(&tx, job.image_id)?);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        tx.commit()?;
+        Ok(updated_images)
+    })?;
+
+    if !updated_images.is_empty() {
+        let folder_ids = updated_images
+            .iter()
+            .map(|image| image.folder_id)
+            .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
+        emit_media_updates(
+            app,
+            &MediaUpdateBatch {
+                images: updated_images,
+            },
+        );
+        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), true);
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn process_tagging_batch(
+    app: &AppHandle,
+    pool: &DbPool,
+    app_data_dir: &Path,
+    tagger_instance: &mut Option<WdTagger>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    if !tagger::tagger_model_status(app_data_dir).ready {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let paused_folders = paused_folder_ids("tagging");
+    let batch_size = crate::tagger::tagger_batch_size(app_data_dir);
+    let jobs = with_db_write_lock(|| {
+        let mut conn = pool.get()?;
+        db::claim_tagging_jobs(&mut conn, &paused_folders, batch_size)
+    })?;
+
+    if jobs.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    if tagger_instance.is_none() {
+        match WdTagger::new(app_data_dir) {
+            Ok(model) => *tagger_instance = Some(model),
+            Err(error) => {
+                with_db_write_lock(|| {
+                    let conn = pool.get()?;
+                    db::requeue_tagging_jobs(
+                        &conn,
+                        &jobs.iter().map(|job| job.image_id).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+                    )
+                })?;
+                return Err(error);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let folder_ids = jobs.iter().map(|job| job.folder_id).collect::<HashSet<_>>();
+    emit_folder_job_progress(
+        app,
+        pool,
+        &folder_ids.iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        false,
+    );
+
+    let tagger_ref = tagger_instance
+        .as_mut()
+        .expect("tagger should be initialized before tagging batch processing");
+
+    let tag_results = jobs
+        .iter()
+        .map(|job| {
+            (
+                job.clone(),
+                tagger_ref.run(Path::new(&job.path), tagger::DEFAULT_MAX_TAGS),
+            )
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    let updated_images = with_db_write_lock(|| {
+        let mut conn = pool.get()?;
+        let tx = conn.transaction()?;
+        let mut updated_images = Vec::with_capacity(tag_results.len());
+
+        for (job, tag_result) in &tag_results {
+            // If the job is no longer in 'processing' state it was either
+            // cancelled or reset to 'pending' (pause) while inference was running.
+            // Discard the result in both cases — for cancelled rows also delete
+            // the row; for paused rows leave it so the job is retried later.
+            if !db::is_tagging_job_processing(&tx, job.image_id)? {
+                tx.execute(
+                    "DELETE FROM tagging_jobs WHERE image_id = ?1 AND status = 'cancelled'",
+                    [job.image_id],
+                )?;
+                continue;
+            }
+            match tag_result {
+                Ok(output) => {
+                    let tag_pairs: Vec<(String, f64)> = output
+                        .tags
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|t| (t.tag.clone(), t.confidence as f64))
+                        .collect();
+                    db::update_ai_tags(
+                        &tx,
+                        job.image_id,
+                        &tag_pairs,
+                        &output.rating,
+                        tagger::WD_TAGGER_MODEL_NAME,
+                    )?;
+                }
+                Err(error) => {
+                    db::mark_tagging_failed(&tx, job.image_id, &error.to_string())?;
+                }
+            }
+            updated_images.push(db::get_image_by_id(&tx, job.image_id)?);
+        }
+
+        tx.commit()?;
+        Ok(updated_images)
+    })
+    .or_else(|db_err| {
+        // The DB write failed.  Try to requeue the claimed jobs so they aren't
+        // left stuck in 'processing' until the next app restart.
+        let image_ids: Vec<i64> = jobs.iter().map(|job| job.image_id).collect();
+        let _ = with_db_write_lock(|| {
+            let conn = pool.get()?;
+            db::requeue_tagging_jobs(&conn, &image_ids)
+        });
+        Err(db_err)
+    })?;
+
+    if !updated_images.is_empty() {
+        let folder_ids = updated_images
+            .iter()
+            .map(|image| image.folder_id)
+            .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
+        emit_media_updates(
+            app,
+            &MediaUpdateBatch {
+                images: updated_images,
+            },
+        );
+        emit_folder_job_progress(app, pool, &folder_ids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), true);
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 fn active_indexing_folders() -> HashSet<i64> {
     ACTIVE_INDEXING_FOLDERS
         .get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(HashSet::new()))
@@ -737,7 +1162,7 @@ fn emit_media_updates(app: &AppHandle, batch: &MediaUpdateBatch) {
     let _ = app.emit("media-updated", batch);
 }
 
-fn emit_folder_job_progress(app: &AppHandle, pool: &DbPool, folder_ids: &[i64]) {
+pub fn emit_folder_job_progress(app: &AppHandle, pool: &DbPool, folder_ids: &[i64], force: bool) {
     let mut unique_folder_ids = folder_ids.iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
     unique_folder_ids.sort_unstable();
     unique_folder_ids.dedup();
@@ -749,7 +1174,8 @@ fn emit_folder_job_progress(app: &AppHandle, pool: &DbPool, folder_ids: &[i64])
         Err(_) => return,
     };
     unique_folder_ids.retain(|folder_id| {
-        let should_emit = tracker
+        let should_emit = force
+            || tracker
                 .get(folder_id)
                 .map(|last_emit| now.duration_since(*last_emit) >= JOB_PROGRESS_EMIT_INTERVAL)
                 .unwrap_or(true);

src-tauri/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
+mod captioner;
 mod commands;
 mod db;
 mod embedder;
+mod hnsw_index;
 mod indexer;
 mod media;
 mod storage;
+mod tagger;
 mod thumbnail;
 mod vector;
 
-use tauri::Manager;
 use crate::storage::StorageProfile;
+use tauri::Manager;
 
 #[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)]
 pub fn run() {
@@ -16,6 +19,7 @@ pub fn run() {
         .plugin(tauri_plugin_opener::init())
         .plugin(tauri_plugin_dialog::init())
         .plugin(tauri_plugin_fs::init())
+        .plugin(tauri_plugin_notification::init())
         .setup(|app| {
             let app_dir = app
                 .path()
@@ -34,11 +38,19 @@ pub fn run() {
                 let conn = pool.get().expect("Failed to get connection for migration");
                 db::migrate(&conn).expect("Failed to run migrations");
                 db::reset_inflight_jobs(&conn).expect("Failed to reset inflight jobs");
-                let backfilled = db::backfill_embedding_jobs(&conn)
+                let backfilled =
-                    .expect("Failed to backfill embedding jobs");
+                    db::backfill_embedding_jobs(&conn).expect("Failed to backfill embedding jobs");
                 if backfilled > 0 {
                     println!("Backfilled {} embedding jobs.", backfilled);
                 }
+                let (orphaned_vectors, missing_vectors) = db::repair_embedding_consistency(&conn)
+                    .expect("Failed to repair embedding consistency");
+                if orphaned_vectors > 0 || missing_vectors > 0 {
+                    println!(
+                        "Repaired embedding consistency: removed {} orphaned vectors, requeued {} missing vectors.",
+                        orphaned_vectors, missing_vectors
+                    );
+                }
             }
 
             let thumb_dir = app_dir.join("thumbnails");
@@ -58,6 +70,9 @@ pub fn run() {
             }
             indexer::start_metadata_worker(app.handle().clone(), pool.clone(), media_tools.clone());
             indexer::start_embedding_worker(app.handle().clone(), pool.clone());
+            // Caption worker disabled — UI removed; keeping backend code intact for future use.
+            // indexer::start_caption_worker(app.handle().clone(), pool.clone(), app_dir.clone());
+            indexer::start_tagging_worker(app.handle().clone(), pool.clone(), app_dir.clone());
 
             app.manage(pool);
             app.manage(media_tools);
@@ -73,12 +88,54 @@ pub fn run() {
             commands::reindex_folder,
             commands::update_image_details,
             commands::find_similar_images,
+            commands::find_similar_by_region,
+            commands::debug_similar_images,
             commands::retry_failed_embeddings,
             commands::semantic_search_images,
+            commands::search_images_by_tag,
+            commands::get_caption_model_status,
+            commands::get_caption_acceleration,
+            commands::set_caption_acceleration,
+            commands::get_caption_detail,
+            commands::set_caption_detail,
+            commands::prepare_caption_model,
+            commands::delete_caption_model,
+            commands::probe_caption_runtime,
+            commands::probe_caption_image,
+            commands::generate_caption_for_image,
+            commands::queue_caption_jobs,
+            commands::clear_caption_jobs,
+            commands::reset_generated_captions,
+            commands::set_generated_caption,
+            commands::suggest_image_tags,
             commands::set_worker_paused,
             commands::get_worker_states,
             commands::get_tag_cloud,
+            commands::get_explore_tags,
+            commands::get_images_by_ids,
             commands::get_failed_embedding_images,
+            commands::get_tagger_model_status,
+            commands::get_tagger_acceleration,
+            commands::set_tagger_acceleration,
+            commands::probe_tagger_runtime,
+            commands::get_tagger_threshold,
+            commands::set_tagger_threshold,
+            commands::get_tagger_batch_size,
+            commands::set_tagger_batch_size,
+            commands::prepare_tagger_model,
+            commands::delete_tagger_model,
+            commands::queue_tagging_jobs,
+            commands::clear_tagging_jobs,
+            commands::get_image_tags,
+            commands::add_user_tag,
+            commands::remove_tag,
+            commands::search_tags_autocomplete,
+            commands::find_duplicates,
+            commands::load_duplicate_scan_cache,
+            commands::invalidate_duplicate_scan_cache,
+            commands::delete_images_from_disk,
+            commands::rename_folder,
+            commands::update_folder_path,
         ])
         .run(tauri::generate_context!())
         .expect("error while running tauri application");

src-tauri/src/tagger.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,656 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use hf_hub::{api::sync::Api, Repo, RepoType};
+use image::{imageops::FilterType, DynamicImage, ImageReader};
+use ort::ep;
+use ort::session::{builder::GraphOptimizationLevel, Session};
+use ort::value::Tensor;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+pub const WD_TAGGER_MODEL_ID: &str = "SmilingWolf/wd-swinv2-tagger-v3";
+pub const WD_TAGGER_MODEL_NAME: &str = "wd-swinv2-tagger-v3";
+
+const TAGGER_ACCELERATION_FILE: &str = "settings/tagger_acceleration.txt";
+const TAGGER_THRESHOLD_FILE: &str = "settings/tagger_threshold.txt";
+const TAGGER_BATCH_SIZE_FILE: &str = "settings/tagger_batch_size.txt";
+
+// Files required on disk before the tagger can run.  The ONNX runtime DLLs
+// are shared with the captioner and live in the same `onnxruntime/` directory.
+const TAGGER_REQUIRED_FILES: &[&str] = &[
+    "onnxruntime/onnxruntime.dll",
+    "onnxruntime/onnxruntime_providers_shared.dll",
+    "onnxruntime/DirectML.dll",
+    "model.onnx",
+    "selected_tags.csv",
+];
+
+// Tags in these Danbooru categories are kept in the output.
+// Category 0 = general, category 4 = character.
+// Category 9 = rating (explicit/questionable/sensitive/general) – used for
+// `ai_rating` but NOT emitted as individual tags.
+const GENERAL_CATEGORY: u8 = 0;
+const CHARACTER_CATEGORY: u8 = 4;
+const RATING_CATEGORY: u8 = 9;
+
+pub const DEFAULT_THRESHOLD: f32 = 0.35;
+pub const DEFAULT_MAX_TAGS: usize = 30;
+
+/// Set to `true` by `set_tagger_acceleration` so the tagging worker loop
+/// knows to drop its cached `WdTagger` and reload with the new EP.
+pub static TAGGER_SESSION_DIRTY: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Settings types
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Deserialize, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum TaggerAcceleration {
+    Auto,
+    Cpu,
+    Directml,
+}
+
+impl TaggerAcceleration {
+    fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Auto => "auto",
+            Self::Cpu => "cpu",
+            Self::Directml => "directml",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for TaggerAcceleration {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::Auto
+    }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Status / probe types exposed to the frontend
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct TaggerModelStatus {
+    pub model_id: &'static str,
+    pub model_name: &'static str,
+    pub local_dir: String,
+    pub ready: bool,
+    pub missing_files: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct TaggerModelProgress {
+    pub total_files: usize,
+    pub completed_files: usize,
+    pub current_file: Option<String>,
+    pub done: bool,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Runtime probe types exposed to the frontend
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct TaggerRuntimeProbe {
+    pub ready: bool,
+    pub acceleration: TaggerAcceleration,
+    pub session: TaggerRuntimeSessionProbe,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize)]
+pub struct TaggerRuntimeSessionProbe {
+    pub file: &'static str,
+    pub inputs: Vec<String>,
+    pub outputs: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tag record returned to callers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct TagResult {
+    pub tag: String,
+    pub confidence: f32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct TaggerOutput {
+    pub tags: Vec<TagResult>,
+    /// Highest-scoring rating label: "general" | "sensitive" | "questionable" | "explicit"
+    pub rating: String,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Internal label table built from selected_tags.csv
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct TagEntry {
+    name: String,
+    category: u8,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Path helpers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pub fn model_dir(app_data_dir: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    app_data_dir.join("models").join("wd-swinv2-tagger-v3")
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Settings persistence
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pub fn tagger_acceleration(app_data_dir: &Path) -> TaggerAcceleration {
+    let path = app_data_dir.join(TAGGER_ACCELERATION_FILE);
+    let Ok(value) = std::fs::read_to_string(path) else {
+        return TaggerAcceleration::default();
+    };
+    match value.trim().to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
+        "cpu" => TaggerAcceleration::Cpu,
+        "directml" => TaggerAcceleration::Directml,
+        _ => TaggerAcceleration::Auto,
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn set_tagger_acceleration(
+    app_data_dir: &Path,
+    acceleration: TaggerAcceleration,
+) -> Result<TaggerAcceleration> {
+    let path = app_data_dir.join(TAGGER_ACCELERATION_FILE);
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+    }
+    std::fs::write(path, acceleration.as_str())?;
+    TAGGER_SESSION_DIRTY.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    Ok(acceleration)
+}
+
+pub fn tagger_threshold(app_data_dir: &Path) -> f32 {
+    let path = app_data_dir.join(TAGGER_THRESHOLD_FILE);
+    let Ok(value) = std::fs::read_to_string(path) else {
+        return DEFAULT_THRESHOLD;
+    };
+    value
+        .trim()
+        .parse::<f32>()
+        .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_THRESHOLD)
+        .clamp(0.01, 1.0)
+}
+
+pub fn set_tagger_threshold(app_data_dir: &Path, threshold: f32) -> Result<f32> {
+    let clamped = threshold.clamp(0.01, 1.0);
+    let path = app_data_dir.join(TAGGER_THRESHOLD_FILE);
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+    }
+    std::fs::write(path, clamped.to_string())?;
+    TAGGER_SESSION_DIRTY.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    Ok(clamped)
+}
+
+pub fn tagger_batch_size(app_data_dir: &Path) -> usize {
+    let path = app_data_dir.join(TAGGER_BATCH_SIZE_FILE);
+    let Ok(value) = std::fs::read_to_string(path) else {
+        return 8;
+    };
+    value
+        .trim()
+        .parse::<usize>()
+        .unwrap_or(8)
+        .clamp(1, 100)
+}
+
+pub fn set_tagger_batch_size(app_data_dir: &Path, batch_size: usize) -> Result<usize> {
+    let clamped = batch_size.clamp(1, 100);
+    let path = app_data_dir.join(TAGGER_BATCH_SIZE_FILE);
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+    }
+    std::fs::write(path, clamped.to_string())?;
+    Ok(clamped)
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Model status / download
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pub fn tagger_model_status(app_data_dir: &Path) -> TaggerModelStatus {
+    let local_dir = model_dir(app_data_dir);
+    // The ONNX runtime DLLs live in the caption model dir; reuse them.
+    let caption_model_dir = app_data_dir.join("models").join("florence-2-base-ft");
+    let missing_files = TAGGER_REQUIRED_FILES
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|file| {
+            let path = if file.starts_with("onnxruntime/") {
+                caption_model_dir.join(file)
+            } else {
+                local_dir.join(file)
+            };
+            !path.exists()
+        })
+        .map(|file| (*file).to_string())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    TaggerModelStatus {
+        model_id: WD_TAGGER_MODEL_ID,
+        model_name: WD_TAGGER_MODEL_NAME,
+        local_dir: local_dir.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
+        ready: missing_files.is_empty(),
+        missing_files,
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn prepare_tagger_model_with_progress(
+    app_data_dir: &Path,
+    emit_progress: impl Fn(TaggerModelProgress),
+) -> Result<TaggerModelStatus> {
+    let local_dir = model_dir(app_data_dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&local_dir)?;
+
+    // Ensure the shared ONNX runtime DLLs are present. The tagger shares
+    // them with the captioner; install them here so the tagger is fully
+    // functional even on a clean install where the caption model has never
+    // been downloaded.
+    let caption_model_dir = crate::captioner::model_dir(app_data_dir);
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&caption_model_dir)?;
+    crate::captioner::ensure_onnx_runtime(&caption_model_dir)?;
+
+    // Download the two tagger-specific files.
+    const DOWNLOAD_FILES: &[&str] = &["model.onnx", "selected_tags.csv"];
+
+    let api = Api::new()?;
+    let repo = api.repo(Repo::new(WD_TAGGER_MODEL_ID.to_string(), RepoType::Model));
+
+    let mut completed_files = DOWNLOAD_FILES
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|file| local_dir.join(file).exists())
+        .count();
+
+    emit_progress(TaggerModelProgress {
+        total_files: DOWNLOAD_FILES.len(),
+        completed_files,
+        current_file: None,
+        done: completed_files == DOWNLOAD_FILES.len(),
+    });
+
+    for file in DOWNLOAD_FILES {
+        let destination = local_dir.join(file);
+        if destination.exists() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        emit_progress(TaggerModelProgress {
+            total_files: DOWNLOAD_FILES.len(),
+            completed_files,
+            current_file: Some((*file).to_string()),
+            done: false,
+        });
+        let cached = repo.get(file)?;
+        std::fs::copy(cached, destination)?;
+        completed_files += 1;
+        emit_progress(TaggerModelProgress {
+            total_files: DOWNLOAD_FILES.len(),
+            completed_files,
+            current_file: Some((*file).to_string()),
+            done: completed_files == DOWNLOAD_FILES.len(),
+        });
+    }
+
+    emit_progress(TaggerModelProgress {
+        total_files: DOWNLOAD_FILES.len(),
+        completed_files,
+        current_file: None,
+        done: true,
+    });
+
+    Ok(tagger_model_status(app_data_dir))
+}
+
+pub fn delete_tagger_model(app_data_dir: &Path) -> Result<TaggerModelStatus> {
+    let local_dir = model_dir(app_data_dir);
+    if local_dir.exists() {
+        std::fs::remove_dir_all(&local_dir)?;
+    }
+    Ok(tagger_model_status(app_data_dir))
+}
+
+pub fn probe_tagger_runtime(app_data_dir: &Path) -> Result<TaggerRuntimeProbe> {
+    let status = tagger_model_status(app_data_dir);
+    if !status.ready {
+        anyhow::bail!(
+            "WD Tagger model is missing {} required file(s): {}",
+            status.missing_files.len(),
+            status.missing_files.join(", ")
+        );
+    }
+
+    let local_dir = model_dir(app_data_dir);
+    let caption_model_dir = app_data_dir.join("models").join("florence-2-base-ft");
+    crate::captioner::ensure_onnx_runtime(&caption_model_dir)?;
+
+    let acceleration = tagger_acceleration(app_data_dir);
+    let model_path = local_dir.join("model.onnx");
+
+    // Verify that the model file exists and has non-zero size before trying
+    // to create an ORT session (better error message on corruption).
+    let metadata = std::fs::metadata(&model_path)?;
+    if metadata.len() == 0 {
+        anyhow::bail!("model.onnx is empty");
+    }
+
+    // Actually create a session to verify the EP loads correctly.
+    let loaded_acceleration = match acceleration {
+        TaggerAcceleration::Cpu => {
+            create_tagger_session(&model_path, TaggerAcceleration::Cpu)?;
+            TaggerAcceleration::Cpu
+        }
+        TaggerAcceleration::Auto => {
+            // Try DirectML explicitly; if it fails the real session would have
+            // fallen back to CPU silently — report what would actually run.
+            let directml_ok =
+                create_tagger_session(&model_path, TaggerAcceleration::Directml).is_ok();
+            if directml_ok {
+                TaggerAcceleration::Directml
+            } else {
+                create_tagger_session(&model_path, TaggerAcceleration::Cpu)?;
+                TaggerAcceleration::Cpu
+            }
+        }
+        TaggerAcceleration::Directml => {
+            create_tagger_session(&model_path, TaggerAcceleration::Directml)?;
+            TaggerAcceleration::Directml
+        }
+    };
+
+    Ok(TaggerRuntimeProbe {
+        ready: true,
+        acceleration: loaded_acceleration,
+        session: TaggerRuntimeSessionProbe {
+            file: "model.onnx",
+            inputs: vec!["pixel_values".to_string()],
+            outputs: vec![format!("output [EP: {:?}]", loaded_acceleration)],
+        },
+    })
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Top-level inference entry point
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Tagger implementation
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pub struct WdTagger {
+    session: Session,
+    labels: Vec<TagEntry>,
+    threshold: f32,
+    input_size: usize,
+}
+
+impl WdTagger {
+    pub fn new(app_data_dir: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
+        let started_at = Instant::now();
+
+        let status = tagger_model_status(app_data_dir);
+        if !status.ready {
+            anyhow::bail!(
+                "WD tagger model is missing {} required file(s): {}",
+                status.missing_files.len(),
+                status.missing_files.join(", ")
+            );
+        }
+
+        let local_dir = model_dir(app_data_dir);
+
+        // The ONNX runtime DLLs are shared with the captioner; use the
+        // captioner's shared ORT init lock to avoid double-initialisation.
+        let caption_model_dir = app_data_dir.join("models").join("florence-2-base-ft");
+        crate::captioner::ensure_onnx_runtime(&caption_model_dir).map_err(|e| {
+            anyhow::anyhow!(
+                "ONNX Runtime not initialised — download the Florence-2 caption model first \
+                 to get the shared runtime DLLs. Original error: {e}"
+            )
+        })?;
+
+        let acceleration = tagger_acceleration(app_data_dir);
+        let threshold = tagger_threshold(app_data_dir);
+        let model_path = local_dir.join("model.onnx");
+        let labels_path = local_dir.join("selected_tags.csv");
+
+        let session = create_tagger_session(&model_path, acceleration)?;
+
+        // Determine the input spatial size from the ONNX model graph.
+        // WD v3 models use (1, H, W, 3) where H == W, typically 448.
+        let input_size = {
+            let inputs = session.inputs();
+            let dim = inputs
+                .first()
+                .and_then(|inp| {
+                    if let ort::value::ValueType::Tensor { shape, .. } = inp.dtype() {
+                        shape
+                            .get(1)
+                            .and_then(|&d| if d > 0 { Some(d as usize) } else { None })
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                })
+                .unwrap_or(448);
+            dim
+        };
+
+        let labels = load_labels(&labels_path)?;
+
+        println!(
+            "WD tagger loaded in {:?} ({} labels, input {}x{}, {:?} acceleration)",
+            started_at.elapsed(),
+            labels.len(),
+            input_size,
+            input_size,
+            acceleration,
+        );
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            session,
+            labels,
+            threshold,
+            input_size,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn run(&mut self, image_path: &Path, max_tags: usize) -> Result<TaggerOutput> {
+        let started_at = Instant::now();
+
+        let image_array = preprocess_image(image_path, self.input_size)?;
+        let batch_size = 1usize;
+        let input = Tensor::from_array((
+            [batch_size, self.input_size, self.input_size, 3usize],
+            image_array.into_boxed_slice(),
+        ))
+        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+
+        let input_name: String = self.session.inputs()[0].name().to_string();
+        let outputs = self
+            .session
+            .run(ort::inputs! { input_name.as_str() => input })
+            .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+
+        let (_, probabilities) = outputs[0]
+            .try_extract_tensor::<f32>()
+            .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+
+        let probs: &[f32] = &probabilities;
+
+        if probs.len() != self.labels.len() {
+            anyhow::bail!(
+                "Model output length {} does not match label count {}",
+                probs.len(),
+                self.labels.len()
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Collect rating scores (category 9) - pick the argmax as the rating.
+        let rating = self
+            .labels
+            .iter()
+            .zip(probs.iter())
+            .filter(|(entry, _)| entry.category == RATING_CATEGORY)
+            .max_by(|(_, a), (_, b)| a.total_cmp(b))
+            .map(|(entry, _)| entry.name.clone())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| "general".to_string());
+
+        // Collect general + character tags above threshold, sorted by confidence.
+        let mut tags: Vec<TagResult> = self
+            .labels
+            .iter()
+            .zip(probs.iter())
+            .filter(|(entry, prob)| {
+                (entry.category == GENERAL_CATEGORY || entry.category == CHARACTER_CATEGORY)
+                    && **prob >= self.threshold
+            })
+            .map(|(entry, prob)| TagResult {
+                tag: entry.name.clone(),
+                confidence: *prob,
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        tags.sort_by(|a, b| b.confidence.total_cmp(&a.confidence));
+        tags.truncate(max_tags);
+
+        println!(
+            "WD tagger: {} tags (threshold={}, rating={}) in {:?} for {}",
+            tags.len(),
+            self.threshold,
+            rating,
+            started_at.elapsed(),
+            image_path.display(),
+        );
+
+        Ok(TaggerOutput { tags, rating })
+    }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Session creation – mirrors captioner's `create_session`
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+fn create_tagger_session(path: &Path, acceleration: TaggerAcceleration) -> Result<Session> {
+    let builder = Session::builder().map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+    let builder = builder
+        .with_optimization_level(GraphOptimizationLevel::Level3)
+        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+
+    let use_directml = matches!(
+        acceleration,
+        TaggerAcceleration::Auto | TaggerAcceleration::Directml
+    );
+
+    let builder = builder
+        .with_memory_pattern(!use_directml)
+        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+    let builder = builder
+        .with_parallel_execution(false)
+        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+    let builder = builder
+        .with_intra_threads(1)
+        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+
+    let mut builder = match acceleration {
+        TaggerAcceleration::Cpu => {
+            println!("WD tagger: using CPU execution provider");
+            builder
+        }
+        TaggerAcceleration::Auto => builder
+            .with_execution_providers([ep::DirectML::default().build().fail_silently()])
+            .unwrap_or_else(|error| {
+                println!("WD tagger: DirectML unavailable, falling back to CPU");
+                error.recover()
+            }),
+        TaggerAcceleration::Directml => builder
+            .with_execution_providers([ep::DirectML::default().build().error_on_failure()])
+            .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?,
+    };
+
+    let session = builder
+        .commit_from_file(path)
+        .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+
+    Ok(session)
+}
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Label loading
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+fn load_labels(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<TagEntry>> {
+    let mut reader = csv::Reader::from_path(path)?;
+    let mut entries = Vec::new();
+    for result in reader.records() {
+        let record = result?;
+        // CSV columns: tag_id, name, category, count
+        let name = record
+            .get(1)
+            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Missing name column in selected_tags.csv"))?
+            .replace('_', " ");
+        let category: u8 = record
+            .get(2)
+            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Missing category column in selected_tags.csv"))?
+            .parse()
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+        entries.push(TagEntry { name, category });
+    }
+    if entries.is_empty() {
+        anyhow::bail!("selected_tags.csv is empty or could not be parsed");
+    }
+    Ok(entries)
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Image preprocessing
+// WD tagger expects: (1, H, W, 3) float32, raw [0,255] values, BGR channel
+// order, padded to square with white (255,255,255).
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+fn preprocess_image(image_path: &Path, target_size: usize) -> Result<Vec<f32>> {
+    let image = ImageReader::open(image_path)?.decode()?;
+
+    // Composite any alpha channel onto a white background.
+    let image_rgba = image.to_rgba8();
+    let (width, height) = image_rgba.dimensions();
+    let mut canvas_rgba =
+        image::RgbaImage::from_pixel(width, height, image::Rgba([255, 255, 255, 255]));
+    image::imageops::overlay(&mut canvas_rgba, &image_rgba, 0, 0);
+    let image_rgb = DynamicImage::ImageRgba8(canvas_rgba).to_rgb8();
+
+    // Pad to square.
+    let max_dim = width.max(height);
+    let pad_left = (max_dim - width) / 2;
+    let pad_top = (max_dim - height) / 2;
+    let mut square = image::RgbImage::from_pixel(max_dim, max_dim, image::Rgb([255, 255, 255]));
+    image::imageops::overlay(&mut square, &image_rgb, pad_left as i64, pad_top as i64);
+
+    // Resize to model input size.
+    let resized = image::imageops::resize(
+        &square,
+        target_size as u32,
+        target_size as u32,
+        FilterType::CatmullRom,
+    );
+
+    // Flatten to (H, W, 3) float32 in BGR order, values in [0, 255].
+    let mut pixel_values = vec![0.0f32; target_size * target_size * 3];
+    for (x, y, pixel) in resized.enumerate_pixels() {
+        let base = (y as usize * target_size + x as usize) * 3;
+        // BGR order
+        pixel_values[base] = f32::from(pixel[2]); // B
+        pixel_values[base + 1] = f32::from(pixel[1]); // G
+        pixel_values[base + 2] = f32::from(pixel[0]); // R
+    }
+
+    Ok(pixel_values)
+}

src-tauri/src/vector.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
-use rusqlite::{ffi::sqlite3_auto_extension, Connection};
+use rusqlite::{ffi::sqlite3_auto_extension, Connection, Error as SqliteError};
 use sqlite_vec::sqlite3_vec_init;
 use std::sync::Once;
 
@@ -19,8 +19,13 @@ pub fn migrate(conn: &Connection) -> Result<()> {
         "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS image_vec USING vec0(
             image_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
             embedding FLOAT[{}] distance_metric=cosine
+        );
+
+        CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS caption_vec USING vec0(
+            image_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+            embedding FLOAT[{}] distance_metric=cosine
         );",
-        CLIP_VECTOR_DIM
+        CLIP_VECTOR_DIM, CLIP_VECTOR_DIM
     ))?;
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -28,6 +33,18 @@ pub fn migrate(conn: &Connection) -> Result<()> {
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 pub fn delete_embedding(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64) -> Result<()> {
     conn.execute("DELETE FROM image_vec WHERE image_id = ?1", [image_id])?;
+    // Advance the revision so any cached HNSW index is invalidated after deletions.
+    conn.execute(
+        "INSERT INTO app_kv (key, value) VALUES ('embedding_revision', 1)
+         ON CONFLICT(key) DO UPDATE SET value = value + 1",
+        [],
+    )?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn delete_caption_embedding(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64) -> Result<()> {
+    conn.execute("DELETE FROM caption_vec WHERE image_id = ?1", [image_id])?;
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -50,26 +67,74 @@ pub fn upsert_embedding(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64, embedding: &[f32]) ->
     Ok(())
 }
 
-pub fn find_similar_image_ids(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64, limit: usize) -> Result<Vec<i64>> {
+#[allow(dead_code)]
-    let embedding: Vec<u8> = conn.query_row(
+pub fn upsert_caption_embedding(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64, embedding: &[f32]) -> Result<()> {
+    if embedding.len() != CLIP_VECTOR_DIM {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+            "expected {}-dimensional embedding, got {}",
+            CLIP_VECTOR_DIM,
+            embedding.len()
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let packed = pack_f32(embedding);
+    conn.execute("DELETE FROM caption_vec WHERE image_id = ?1", [image_id])?;
+    conn.execute(
+        "INSERT INTO caption_vec (image_id, embedding) VALUES (?1, ?2)",
+        (&image_id, &packed),
+    )?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn find_similar_image_ids(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    image_id: i64,
+    limit: usize,
+    folder_id: Option<i64>,
+) -> Result<Vec<i64>> {
+    let embedding: Vec<u8> = match conn.query_row(
         "SELECT embedding FROM image_vec WHERE image_id = ?1",
         [image_id],
         |row| row.get(0),
-    )?;
+    ) {
+        Ok(embedding) => embedding,
+        Err(SqliteError::QueryReturnedNoRows) => return Ok(Vec::new()),
+        Err(error) => return Err(error.into()),
+    };
 
+    if let Some(folder_id) = folder_id {
+        // Brute-force cosine scan scoped to the folder — avoids the KNN k=4096 limit
+        // and returns exact nearest neighbours within the folder.
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+            "SELECT v.image_id
+             FROM image_vec v
+             JOIN images i ON i.id = v.image_id
+             WHERE i.folder_id = ?2
+               AND v.image_id != ?3
+             ORDER BY vec_distance_cosine(v.embedding, vec_f32(?1)) ASC
+             LIMIT ?4",
+        )?;
+        let rows = stmt.query_map((&embedding, folder_id, image_id, limit as i64), |row| {
+            row.get::<_, i64>(0)
+        })?;
+        return Ok(rows.collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?);
+    }
+
+    // Global KNN search (no folder filter) — use the ANN index.
     let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
         "SELECT image_id
          FROM image_vec
          WHERE embedding MATCH vec_f32(?1)
            AND k = ?2",
     )?;
-    let rows = stmt.query_map((&embedding, (limit as i64) + 1), |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?;
+    let rows = stmt
+        .query_map((&embedding, (limit + 1) as i64), |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?
+        .collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
 
     let mut ids = Vec::new();
     for row in rows {
-        let candidate_id = row?;
+        if row != image_id {
-        if candidate_id != image_id {
+            ids.push(row);
-            ids.push(candidate_id);
         }
         if ids.len() >= limit {
             break;
@@ -78,6 +143,106 @@ pub fn find_similar_image_ids(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64, limit: usize) ->
     Ok(ids)
 }
 
+// pub fn find_similar_image_matches(
+//     conn: &Connection,
+//     image_id: i64,
+//     folder_id: Option<i64>,
+//     threshold: f32,
+//     offset: usize,
+//     limit: usize,
+// ) -> Result<Vec<(i64, f32)>> {
+//     let embedding: Vec<u8> = match conn.query_row(
+//         "SELECT embedding FROM image_vec WHERE image_id = ?1",
+//         [image_id],
+//         |row| row.get(0),
+//     ) {
+//         Ok(embedding) => embedding,
+//         Err(SqliteError::QueryReturnedNoRows) => return Ok(Vec::new()),
+//         Err(error) => return Err(error.into()),
+//     };
+
+//     let query = match folder_id {
+//         Some(_) => {
+//             "SELECT v.image_id, vec_distance_cosine(v.embedding, vec_f32(?1)) AS distance
+//              FROM image_vec v
+//              JOIN images i ON i.id = v.image_id
+//              WHERE i.folder_id = ?2
+//                AND v.image_id != ?3
+//                AND vec_distance_cosine(v.embedding, vec_f32(?1)) <= ?4
+//              ORDER BY distance ASC
+//              LIMIT ?5 OFFSET ?6"
+//         }
+//         None => {
+//             "SELECT v.image_id, vec_distance_cosine(v.embedding, vec_f32(?1)) AS distance
+//              FROM image_vec v
+//              WHERE v.image_id != ?2
+//                AND vec_distance_cosine(v.embedding, vec_f32(?1)) <= ?3
+//              ORDER BY distance ASC
+//              LIMIT ?4 OFFSET ?5"
+//         }
+//     };
+
+//     let mut stmt = conn.prepare(query)?;
+//     match folder_id {
+//         Some(folder_id) => Ok(stmt
+//             .query_map(
+//                 (
+//                     &embedding,
+//                     folder_id,
+//                     image_id,
+//                     threshold,
+//                     limit as i64,
+//                     offset as i64,
+//                 ),
+//                 |row| Ok((row.get::<_, i64>(0)?, row.get::<_, f32>(1)?)),
+//             )?
+//             .collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?),
+//         None => Ok(stmt
+//             .query_map(
+//                 (&embedding, image_id, threshold, limit as i64, offset as i64),
+//                 |row| Ok((row.get::<_, i64>(0)?, row.get::<_, f32>(1)?)),
+//             )?
+//             .collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?),
+//     }
+// }
+
+pub fn get_image_embedding(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64) -> Result<Option<Vec<f32>>> {
+    let embedding: Result<Vec<u8>, rusqlite::Error> = conn.query_row(
+        "SELECT embedding FROM image_vec WHERE image_id = ?1",
+        [image_id],
+        |row| row.get(0),
+    );
+
+    match embedding {
+        Ok(bytes) => Ok(Some(unpack_f32(&bytes))),
+        Err(SqliteError::QueryReturnedNoRows) => Ok(None),
+        Err(error) => Err(error.into()),
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn get_embedding_revision(conn: &Connection) -> Result<String> {
+    // Use the monotonically incremented app_kv counter so that two embeddings
+    // saved within the same clock second still advance the revision, preventing
+    // the HNSW cache from serving stale vectors.
+    let revision: i64 = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT COALESCE((SELECT value FROM app_kv WHERE key = 'embedding_revision'), 0)",
+            [],
+            |row| row.get(0),
+        )
+        .unwrap_or(0);
+    Ok(revision.to_string())
+}
+
+// fn image_ids_for_folder(
+//     conn: &Connection,
+//     folder_id: i64,
+// ) -> Result<std::collections::HashSet<i64>> {
+//     let mut stmt = conn.prepare("SELECT id FROM images WHERE folder_id = ?1")?;
+//     let rows = stmt.query_map([folder_id], |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?;
+//     Ok(rows.collect::<rusqlite::Result<std::collections::HashSet<_>>>()?)
+// }
+
 /// Returns all stored image embeddings with their image IDs, optionally filtered to one folder.
 /// Each entry is `(image_id, normalized_f32_embedding)`.
 pub fn get_all_image_embeddings_with_ids(
@@ -155,6 +320,149 @@ pub fn search_image_ids_by_embedding(
     Ok(ids)
 }
 
+/// Brute-force cosine search scoped to a single folder, ordered by ascending distance.
+/// Used for region-based similarity search where we want folder-scoped results.
+pub fn search_image_ids_by_embedding_in_folder(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    embedding: &[f32],
+    folder_id: i64,
+    exclude_image_id: Option<i64>,
+    limit: usize,
+) -> Result<Vec<i64>> {
+    if embedding.len() != CLIP_VECTOR_DIM {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+            "expected {}-dimensional embedding, got {}",
+            CLIP_VECTOR_DIM,
+            embedding.len()
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let packed = pack_f32(embedding);
+    let exclude_id = exclude_image_id.unwrap_or(-1);
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        "SELECT v.image_id
+         FROM image_vec v
+         JOIN images i ON i.id = v.image_id
+         WHERE i.folder_id = ?2
+           AND v.image_id != ?3
+         ORDER BY vec_distance_cosine(v.embedding, vec_f32(?1)) ASC
+         LIMIT ?4",
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map((&packed, folder_id, exclude_id, limit as i64), |row| {
+        row.get::<_, i64>(0)
+    })?;
+    Ok(rows.collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?)
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn search_caption_ids_by_embedding(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    embedding: &[f32],
+    limit: usize,
+) -> Result<Vec<i64>> {
+    if embedding.len() != CLIP_VECTOR_DIM {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+            "expected {}-dimensional embedding, got {}",
+            CLIP_VECTOR_DIM,
+            embedding.len()
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let packed = pack_f32(embedding);
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        "SELECT image_id
+         FROM caption_vec
+         WHERE embedding MATCH vec_f32(?1)
+           AND k = ?2",
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map((&packed, limit as i64), |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?;
+
+    let mut ids = Vec::new();
+    for row in rows {
+        ids.push(row?);
+        if ids.len() >= limit {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(ids)
+}
+
+pub fn count_image_vectors(conn: &Connection) -> Result<i64> {
+    conn.query_row("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM image_vec", [], |row| row.get(0))
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn count_caption_vectors(conn: &Connection) -> Result<i64> {
+    conn.query_row("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM caption_vec", [], |row| row.get(0))
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
+pub fn delete_orphaned_embeddings(conn: &Connection) -> Result<usize> {
+    let image_ids = {
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare("SELECT id FROM images")?;
+        let rows = stmt
+            .query_map([], |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?
+            .collect::<rusqlite::Result<std::collections::HashSet<_>>>()?;
+        rows
+    };
+    let vector_ids = {
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare("SELECT image_id FROM image_vec")?;
+        let rows = stmt
+            .query_map([], |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?
+            .collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
+        rows
+    };
+    let orphaned_ids = vector_ids
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|image_id| !image_ids.contains(image_id))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    for image_id in &orphaned_ids {
+        delete_embedding(conn, *image_id)?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(orphaned_ids.len())
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn delete_orphaned_caption_embeddings(conn: &Connection) -> Result<usize> {
+    let image_ids = {
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare("SELECT id FROM images")?;
+        let rows = stmt
+            .query_map([], |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?
+            .collect::<rusqlite::Result<std::collections::HashSet<_>>>()?;
+        rows
+    };
+    let vector_ids = {
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare("SELECT image_id FROM caption_vec")?;
+        let rows = stmt
+            .query_map([], |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0))?
+            .collect::<rusqlite::Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
+        rows
+    };
+    let orphaned_ids = vector_ids
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|image_id| !image_ids.contains(image_id))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    for image_id in &orphaned_ids {
+        delete_caption_embedding(conn, *image_id)?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(orphaned_ids.len())
+}
+
+pub fn has_image_vector(conn: &Connection, image_id: i64) -> Result<bool> {
+    conn.query_row(
+        "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM image_vec WHERE image_id = ?1)",
+        [image_id],
+        |row| row.get::<_, i64>(0),
+    )
+    .map(|value| value != 0)
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 fn pack_f32(values: &[f32]) -> Vec<u8> {
     let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(values.len() * std::mem::size_of::<f32>());

src-tauri/tauri.conf.json

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
   "version": "0.1.0",
   "identifier": "wtf.jezz.phokus",
   "build": {
-    "beforeDevCommand": "pnpm dev",
+    "beforeDevCommand": "pnpm dev:vite",
     "devUrl": "http://localhost:1420",
-    "beforeBuildCommand": "pnpm build",
+    "beforeBuildCommand": "pnpm build:vite",
     "frontendDist": "../dist"
   },
   "app": {
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@
       "csp": null,
       "assetProtocol": {
         "enable": true,
-        "scope": ["**"]
+        "scope": [
+          "**"
+        ]
       }
     }
   },

src/App.tsx

@@ -6,18 +6,26 @@ import { Toolbar } from "./components/Toolbar";
 import { Gallery } from "./components/Gallery";
 import { Lightbox } from "./components/Lightbox";
 import { TagCloud } from "./components/TagCloud";
+import { DuplicateFinder } from "./components/DuplicateFinder";
 import { TitleBar } from "./components/TitleBar";
+import { SettingsModal } from "./components/SettingsModal";
+import { initializeNotifications } from "./notifications";
 
 export default function App() {
   const loadFolders = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadFolders);
   const loadBackgroundJobProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadBackgroundJobProgress);
   const loadImages = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadImages);
+  const loadCaptionModelStatus = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadCaptionModelStatus);
+  const loadDuplicateScanCache = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadDuplicateScanCache);
   const subscribeToProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.subscribeToProgress);
   const activeView = useGalleryStore((state) => state.activeView);
 
   useEffect(() => {
+    void initializeNotifications();
     loadFolders().then(() => {
       void loadBackgroundJobProgress();
+      void loadCaptionModelStatus();
+      void loadDuplicateScanCache();
       return loadImages(true);
     });
     let unlisten: (() => void) | undefined;
@@ -43,6 +51,11 @@ export default function App() {
               <BackgroundTasks />
               <TagCloud />
             </>
+          ) : activeView === "duplicates" ? (
+            <>
+              <BackgroundTasks />
+              <DuplicateFinder />
+            </>
           ) : (
             <>
               <Toolbar />
@@ -54,6 +67,7 @@ export default function App() {
       </div>
 
       <Lightbox />
+      <SettingsModal />
     </div>
   );
 }

src/components/BackgroundTasks.tsx

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
 import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
 import { useGalleryStore } from "../store";
 
-type WorkerKey = "thumbnail" | "metadata" | "embedding";
+type WorkerKey = "thumbnail" | "metadata" | "embedding" | "tagging";
 
 const WORKER_FOR_STAGE: Record<string, WorkerKey> = {
   Thumbnails: "thumbnail",
   Metadata: "metadata",
   Embeddings: "embedding",
+  Tags: "tagging",
 };
 
 interface TaskStage {
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@ interface Task {
   name: string;
   stages: TaskStage[];
   hasFailedEmbeddings: boolean;
+  hasFailedTagging: boolean;
+  hasFailedCaptions: boolean;
   pendingMediaWork: number;
   embeddingProcessed: number;
   embeddingTotal: number;
@@ -35,31 +38,57 @@ interface FailedEmbeddingItem {
   error: string | null;
 }
 
+interface FolderWorkerStates {
+  folder_id: number;
+  thumbnail_paused: boolean;
+  metadata_paused: boolean;
+  embedding_paused: boolean;
+  tagging_paused: boolean;
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_PAUSED_STATE: Record<WorkerKey, boolean> = {
+  thumbnail: false,
+  metadata: false,
+  embedding: false,
+  tagging: false,
+};
+
 export function BackgroundTasks() {
   const folders = useGalleryStore((state) => state.folders);
   const indexingProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.indexingProgress);
   const mediaJobProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.mediaJobProgress);
   const retryFailedEmbeddings = useGalleryStore((state) => state.retryFailedEmbeddings);
+  const queueTaggingJobs = useGalleryStore((state) => state.queueTaggingJobs);
+  const duplicateScanning = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateScanning);
+  const duplicateScanProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateScanProgress);
   const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState(false);
   const [dismissed, setDismissed] = useState<Record<number, string>>({});
-  const [paused, setPaused] = useState<Record<WorkerKey, boolean>>({
+  const [paused, setPaused] = useState<Record<number, Record<WorkerKey, boolean>>>({});
-    thumbnail: false,
-    metadata: false,
-    embedding: false,
-  });
   const [failedItems, setFailedItems] = useState<Record<number, FailedEmbeddingItem[]>>({});
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    invoke<{ thumbnail_paused: boolean; metadata_paused: boolean; embedding_paused: boolean }>(
+    const folderIds = folders.map((folder) => folder.id);
-      "get_worker_states",
+    if (folderIds.length === 0) {
-    ).then((states) => {
+      setPaused({});
-      setPaused({
+      return;
-        thumbnail: states.thumbnail_paused,
+    }
-        metadata: states.metadata_paused,
+
-        embedding: states.embedding_paused,
+    invoke<FolderWorkerStates[]>("get_worker_states", { folderIds }).then((states) => {
+      setPaused(
+        Object.fromEntries(
+          states.map((state) => [
+            state.folder_id,
+            {
+              thumbnail: state.thumbnail_paused,
+              metadata: state.metadata_paused,
+              embedding: state.embedding_paused,
+              tagging: state.tagging_paused,
+            },
+          ]),
+        ),
+      );
     });
-    });
+  }, [folders]);
-  }, []);
 
   // Fetch failed embedding filenames whenever the expanded panel opens or failure counts change.
   const failedCounts = useMemo(
@@ -83,13 +112,25 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
     }
   }, [expanded, failedCounts]);
 
-  const toggleWorker = (worker: WorkerKey) => {
+  const isWorkerPaused = (folderId: number, worker: WorkerKey) => {
-    const next = !paused[worker];
+    return paused[folderId]?.[worker] ?? DEFAULT_PAUSED_STATE[worker];
-    setPaused((prev) => ({ ...prev, [worker]: next }));
+  };
-    void invoke("set_worker_paused", { worker, paused: next });
+
+  const toggleWorker = (folderId: number, worker: WorkerKey) => {
+    const next = !isWorkerPaused(folderId, worker);
+    setPaused((prev) => ({
+      ...prev,
+      [folderId]: {
+        ...DEFAULT_PAUSED_STATE,
+        ...prev[folderId],
+        [worker]: next,
+      },
+    }));
+    void invoke("set_worker_paused", { worker, folderId, paused: next });
   };
 
   const dismissTask = (id: number, snapshot: string) => {
+    if (id < 0) return; // system tasks (duplicate scan) cannot be dismissed
     setDismissed((prev) => ({ ...prev, [id]: snapshot }));
     setExpanded(false);
   };
@@ -105,13 +146,25 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
         const embeddingPending = jobs?.embedding_pending ?? 0;
         const embeddingReady = jobs?.embedding_ready ?? 0;
         const embeddingFailed = jobs?.embedding_failed ?? 0;
+        const taggingPending = jobs?.tagging_pending ?? 0;
+        const taggingReady = jobs?.tagging_ready ?? 0;
+        const taggingFailed = jobs?.tagging_failed ?? 0;
+        const captionPending = jobs?.caption_pending ?? 0;
+        const captionReady = jobs?.caption_ready ?? 0;
+        const captionFailed = jobs?.caption_failed ?? 0;
 
-        const pendingMediaWork = thumbnailPending + metadataPending + embeddingPending;
+        const pendingMediaWork = thumbnailPending + metadataPending + embeddingPending + taggingPending + captionPending;
         const embeddingProcessed = embeddingReady + embeddingFailed;
         const embeddingTotal = embeddingProcessed + embeddingPending;
+        const taggingProcessed = taggingReady + taggingFailed;
+        const taggingTotal = taggingProcessed + taggingPending;
+        const captionProcessed = captionReady + captionFailed;
+        const captionTotal = captionProcessed + captionPending;
         const hasFailedEmbeddings = embeddingFailed > 0;
+        const hasFailedTagging = taggingFailed > 0;
+        const hasFailedCaptions = captionFailed > 0;
 
-        if (!index && pendingMediaWork === 0 && !hasFailedEmbeddings) return null;
+        if (!index && pendingMediaWork === 0 && !hasFailedEmbeddings && !hasFailedTagging && !hasFailedCaptions) return null;
 
         const stages: TaskStage[] = [];
 
@@ -153,6 +206,26 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
           });
         }
 
+        if (taggingPending > 0) {
+          const pct = taggingTotal > 0 ? (taggingProcessed / taggingTotal) * 100 : 0;
+          stages.push({
+            label: "Tags",
+            detail: `${taggingProcessed.toLocaleString()} / ${taggingTotal.toLocaleString()}`,
+            progress: pct,
+            failed: false,
+          });
+        }
+
+        if (captionPending > 0) {
+          const pct = captionTotal > 0 ? (captionProcessed / captionTotal) * 100 : 0;
+          stages.push({
+            label: "Captions",
+            detail: `${captionProcessed.toLocaleString()} / ${captionTotal.toLocaleString()}`,
+            progress: pct,
+            failed: false,
+          });
+        }
+
         if (hasFailedEmbeddings && pendingMediaWork === 0) {
           stages.push({
             label: "Failed",
@@ -162,13 +235,33 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
           });
         }
 
-        const snapshot = `${pendingMediaWork}:${embeddingFailed}`;
+        if (hasFailedTagging && pendingMediaWork === 0) {
+          stages.push({
+            label: "Failed",
+            detail: `${taggingFailed.toLocaleString()} tags`,
+            progress: null,
+            failed: true,
+          });
+        }
+
+        if (hasFailedCaptions && pendingMediaWork === 0) {
+          stages.push({
+            label: "Failed",
+            detail: `${captionFailed.toLocaleString()} captions`,
+            progress: null,
+            failed: true,
+          });
+        }
+
+        const snapshot = `${pendingMediaWork}:${embeddingFailed}:${taggingFailed}:${captionFailed}`;
 
         return {
           id: folder.id,
           name: folder.name,
           stages,
           hasFailedEmbeddings,
+          hasFailedTagging,
+          hasFailedCaptions,
           pendingMediaWork,
           embeddingProcessed,
           embeddingTotal,
@@ -180,17 +273,44 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
       .filter((t) => dismissed[t.id] !== t.snapshot);
   }, [folders, indexingProgress, mediaJobProgress, dismissed]);
 
-  if (tasks.length === 0) return null;
+  // Synthetic task for duplicate scanning — negative id so dismiss/retry are suppressed
+  const duplicateScanTask: Task | null = duplicateScanning ? {
+    id: -1,
+    name: "Duplicate Scan",
+    stages: [{
+      label: "Hashing",
+      detail: duplicateScanProgress
+        ? `${duplicateScanProgress.scanned.toLocaleString()} / ${duplicateScanProgress.total.toLocaleString()}`
+        : "Starting…",
+      progress: duplicateScanProgress && duplicateScanProgress.total > 0
+        ? (duplicateScanProgress.scanned / duplicateScanProgress.total) * 100
+        : null,
+      failed: false,
+    }],
+    hasFailedEmbeddings: false,
+    hasFailedTagging: false,
+    hasFailedCaptions: false,
+    pendingMediaWork: 1,
+    embeddingProcessed: 0,
+    embeddingTotal: 0,
+    currentFile: null,
+    snapshot: "",
+  } : null;
 
-  const primary = tasks[0];
+  const allTasks = duplicateScanTask ? [duplicateScanTask, ...tasks] : tasks;
-  const extraCount = tasks.length - 1;
+
-  const hasFailed = tasks.some((t) => t.hasFailedEmbeddings && t.pendingMediaWork === 0);
+  if (allTasks.length === 0) return null;
+
+  const primary = allTasks[0];
+  const extraCount = allTasks.length - 1;
+  const hasFailed = tasks.some((t) => (t.hasFailedEmbeddings || t.hasFailedTagging || t.hasFailedCaptions) && t.pendingMediaWork === 0);
 
   // Best progress bar value: use embedding progress if available (most informative),
-  // otherwise fall back to scanning progress, otherwise indeterminate.
+  // otherwise tagging progress, otherwise fall back to scanning progress, otherwise indeterminate.
   const embeddingStage = primary.stages.find((s) => s.label === "Embeddings");
+  const taggingStage = primary.stages.find((s) => s.label === "Tags");
   const scanningStage = primary.stages.find((s) => s.label === "Scanning");
-  const barProgress = embeddingStage?.progress ?? scanningStage?.progress ?? null;
+  const barProgress = embeddingStage?.progress ?? taggingStage?.progress ?? scanningStage?.progress ?? null;
 
   return (
     <div className="shrink-0 border-b border-white/[0.06]">
@@ -214,7 +334,7 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
         <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 flex-1 min-w-0 overflow-hidden">
           {primary.stages.map((stage) => {
             const workerKey = WORKER_FOR_STAGE[stage.label];
-            const isPaused = workerKey ? paused[workerKey] : false;
+            const isPaused = workerKey ? isWorkerPaused(primary.id, workerKey) : false;
             return (
               <span
                 key={stage.label}
@@ -234,7 +354,7 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
                   <button
                     className="ml-0.5 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 hover:text-white transition-opacity"
                     title={isPaused ? `Resume ${stage.label}` : `Pause ${stage.label}`}
-                    onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); toggleWorker(workerKey); }}
+                    onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); toggleWorker(primary.id, workerKey); }}
                   >
                     {isPaused ? (
                       <svg className="h-2.5 w-2.5" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
@@ -283,8 +403,8 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
           </button>
         )}
 
-        {/* Expand chevron (only when multiple folders) */}
+        {/* Expand chevron (only when multiple tasks) */}
-        {tasks.length > 1 && (
+        {allTasks.length > 1 && (
           <svg
             className={`h-3.5 w-3.5 text-gray-600 transition-transform duration-200 shrink-0 ${expanded ? "rotate-180" : ""}`}
             fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor"
@@ -293,7 +413,8 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
           </svg>
         )}
 
-        {/* Dismiss */}
+        {/* Dismiss — hidden for system tasks like duplicate scan */}
+        {primary.id >= 0 && (
           <button
             className="p-1 rounded-md text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-white/8 transition-colors shrink-0"
             title="Dismiss"
@@ -303,16 +424,18 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
               <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
             </svg>
           </button>
+        )}
       </div>
 
       {/* Expanded panel — one row per folder */}
       {expanded && (
         <div className="border-t border-white/[0.06] bg-white/[0.02] px-5 py-3 space-y-3">
-          {tasks.map((task) => {
+          {allTasks.map((task) => {
             const taskEmbeddingStage = task.stages.find((s) => s.label === "Embeddings");
+            const taskTaggingStage = task.stages.find((s) => s.label === "Tags");
             const taskScanningStage = task.stages.find((s) => s.label === "Scanning");
-            const taskBarProgress = taskEmbeddingStage?.progress ?? taskScanningStage?.progress ?? null;
+            const taskBarProgress = taskEmbeddingStage?.progress ?? taskTaggingStage?.progress ?? taskScanningStage?.progress ?? null;
-            const taskHasFailed = task.hasFailedEmbeddings && task.pendingMediaWork === 0;
+            const taskHasFailed = (task.hasFailedEmbeddings || task.hasFailedTagging || task.hasFailedCaptions) && task.pendingMediaWork === 0;
 
             return (
               <div key={task.id}>
@@ -322,7 +445,7 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
                   <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 flex-1 min-w-0 overflow-hidden">
                     {task.stages.map((stage) => {
                       const workerKey = WORKER_FOR_STAGE[stage.label];
-                      const isPaused = workerKey ? paused[workerKey] : false;
+                      const isPaused = workerKey ? isWorkerPaused(task.id, workerKey) : false;
                       return (
                         <span
                           key={stage.label}
@@ -347,7 +470,7 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
                             <button
                               className="ml-0.5 text-gray-600 hover:text-white transition-colors"
                               title={isPaused ? `Resume ${stage.label}` : `Pause ${stage.label}`}
-                              onClick={() => toggleWorker(workerKey)}
+                              onClick={() => toggleWorker(task.id, workerKey)}
                             >
                               {isPaused ? (
                                 <svg className="h-2.5 w-2.5" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
@@ -381,12 +504,16 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
                   {taskHasFailed && (
                     <button
                       className="rounded-lg border border-amber-500/20 bg-amber-500/10 px-2 py-0.5 text-[11px] text-amber-300 hover:bg-amber-500/20 transition-colors shrink-0"
-                      onClick={() => void retryFailedEmbeddings(task.id)}
+                      onClick={() => {
+                        if (task.hasFailedEmbeddings) void retryFailedEmbeddings(task.id);
+                        if (task.hasFailedTagging) void queueTaggingJobs(task.id);
+                      }}
                     >
                       Retry
                     </button>
                   )}
 
+                  {task.id >= 0 && (
                     <button
                       className="p-1 rounded-md text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-white/8 transition-colors shrink-0"
                       title="Dismiss"
@@ -396,6 +523,7 @@ export function BackgroundTasks() {
                         <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
                       </svg>
                     </button>
+                  )}
                 </div>
 
                 {task.currentFile && (

src/components/DuplicateFinder.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+import { useState } from "react";
+import { convertFileSrc } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
+import { DuplicateGroup, useGalleryStore } from "../store";
+
+function formatBytes(bytes: number): string {
+  if (bytes >= 1_073_741_824) return `${(bytes / 1_073_741_824).toFixed(1)} GB`;
+  if (bytes >= 1_048_576) return `${(bytes / 1_048_576).toFixed(1)} MB`;
+  if (bytes >= 1024) return `${(bytes / 1024).toFixed(0)} KB`;
+  return `${bytes} B`;
+}
+
+function DuplicateGroupCard({ group }: { group: DuplicateGroup }) {
+  const selectedIds = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateSelectedIds);
+  const toggleDuplicateSelected = useGalleryStore((state) => state.toggleDuplicateSelected);
+  const selectAllDuplicates = useGalleryStore((state) => state.selectAllDuplicates);
+  const groupSelectedCount = group.images.filter((img) => selectedIds.has(img.id)).length;
+  const noneSelected = groupSelectedCount === 0;
+
+  // "Keep all but the first" — a common quick action
+  const handleKeepFirst = () => {
+    const toDelete = group.images.slice(1).map((img) => img.id);
+    // Clear any selection for this group first, then add the ones to delete
+    for (const img of group.images) {
+      if (selectedIds.has(img.id)) toggleDuplicateSelected(img.id);
+    }
+    selectAllDuplicates(toDelete);
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-2xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-white/[0.02] p-4">
+      {/* Group header */}
+      <div className="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          <span className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.04] px-2 py-0.5 text-[11px] text-gray-400">
+            {group.images.length} copies
+          </span>
+          <span className="text-[11px] text-white/30">{formatBytes(group.file_size)} each</span>
+          <span className="text-[11px] text-white/20">
+            {formatBytes(group.file_size * (group.images.length - 1))} wasted
+          </span>
+        </div>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          {noneSelected ? (
+            <button
+              className="text-[11px] text-white/35 transition-colors hover:text-white/70"
+              onClick={handleKeepFirst}
+            >
+              Keep first
+            </button>
+          ) : (
+            <button
+              className="text-[11px] text-white/35 transition-colors hover:text-white/70"
+              onClick={() => {
+                for (const img of group.images) {
+                  if (selectedIds.has(img.id)) toggleDuplicateSelected(img.id);
+                }
+              }}
+            >
+              Deselect all
+            </button>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Image grid */}
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-3">
+        {group.images.map((image) => {
+          const isSelected = selectedIds.has(image.id);
+          const src = image.thumbnail_path ? convertFileSrc(image.thumbnail_path) : null;
+          return (
+            <button
+              key={image.id}
+              className={`group relative overflow-hidden rounded-xl border transition-all ${
+                isSelected
+                  ? "border-red-400/50 ring-1 ring-red-400/30"
+                  : "border-white/8 hover:border-white/20"
+              }`}
+              style={{ width: 140, height: 105 }}
+              onClick={() => toggleDuplicateSelected(image.id)}
+              title={image.path}
+            >
+              {src ? (
+                <img src={src} alt="" className="h-full w-full object-cover" draggable={false} />
+              ) : (
+                <div className="h-full w-full bg-white/[0.03]" />
+              )}
+              {/* Delete overlay */}
+              {isSelected ? (
+                <div className="absolute inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-red-950/60">
+                  <svg className="h-6 w-6 text-red-300" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+                    <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M19 7l-.867 12.142A2 2 0 0116.138 21H7.862a2 2 0 01-1.995-1.858L5 7m5 4v6m4-6v6m1-10V4a1 1 0 00-1-1h-4a1 1 0 00-1 1v3M4 7h16" />
+                  </svg>
+                </div>
+              ) : null}
+              {/* Path tooltip on hover */}
+              <div className="absolute inset-x-0 bottom-0 bg-gradient-to-t from-black/90 to-transparent px-2 pb-1.5 pt-4 opacity-0 transition-opacity group-hover:opacity-100">
+                <p className="truncate text-[9px] text-white/60">{image.path.split(/[\\/]/).slice(-2).join("/")}</p>
+              </div>
+            </button>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function formatRelativeTime(unixSecs: number): string {
+  const diff = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) - unixSecs;
+  if (diff < 60) return "just now";
+  if (diff < 3600) return `${Math.floor(diff / 60)}m ago`;
+  if (diff < 86400) return `${Math.floor(diff / 3600)}h ago`;
+  return `${Math.floor(diff / 86400)}d ago`;
+}
+
+export function DuplicateFinder() {
+  const duplicateGroups = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateGroups);
+  const duplicateScanning = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateScanning);
+  const duplicateScanProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateScanProgress);
+  const duplicateScanError = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateScanError);
+  const duplicateSelectedIds = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateSelectedIds);
+  const duplicateLastScanned = useGalleryStore((state) => state.duplicateLastScanned);
+  const selectedFolderId = useGalleryStore((state) => state.selectedFolderId);
+  const scanDuplicates = useGalleryStore((state) => state.scanDuplicates);
+  const clearDuplicateSelection = useGalleryStore((state) => state.clearDuplicateSelection);
+  const selectKeepFirstAllGroups = useGalleryStore((state) => state.selectKeepFirstAllGroups);
+  const deleteSelectedDuplicates = useGalleryStore((state) => state.deleteSelectedDuplicates);
+
+  const [deleting, setDeleting] = useState(false);
+  const [deleteResult, setDeleteResult] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  const selectedCount = duplicateSelectedIds.size;
+  const hasResults = duplicateGroups.length > 0;
+  const hasScanned = hasResults || duplicateLastScanned !== null || (!duplicateScanning && duplicateScanProgress !== null);
+  const totalWasted = duplicateGroups.reduce(
+    (sum, g) => sum + g.file_size * (g.images.length - 1),
+    0,
+  );
+  const totalDuplicateImages = duplicateGroups.reduce((sum, g) => sum + g.images.length - 1, 0);
+
+  const handleDelete = async () => {
+    setDeleting(true);
+    setDeleteResult(null);
+    try {
+      const deleted = await deleteSelectedDuplicates();
+      setDeleteResult(`Deleted ${deleted} file${deleted === 1 ? "" : "s"}.`);
+    } catch (e) {
+      setDeleteResult(String(e));
+    } finally {
+      setDeleting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const progressPercent =
+    duplicateScanProgress && duplicateScanProgress.total > 0
+      ? Math.round((duplicateScanProgress.scanned / duplicateScanProgress.total) * 100)
+      : 0;
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col overflow-hidden bg-[#07080f]">
+      {/* Header */}
+      <div className="shrink-0 border-b border-white/[0.05] px-6 py-4">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
+          <div>
+            <h2 className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-white">Duplicate Finder</h2>
+            <p className="mt-0.5 text-[11px] text-white/30">
+              {duplicateScanning
+                ? duplicateScanProgress
+                  ? `Scanning… ${duplicateScanProgress.scanned.toLocaleString()} / ${duplicateScanProgress.total.toLocaleString()}`
+                  : "Starting scan…"
+                : hasResults
+                  ? `${duplicateGroups.length} group${duplicateGroups.length === 1 ? "" : "s"} · ${formatBytes(totalWasted)} reclaimable`
+                  : duplicateLastScanned !== null
+                    ? "No duplicates found"
+                    : "Scan your library for identical files"}
+            </p>
+            {!duplicateScanning && duplicateLastScanned !== null && (
+              <p className="mt-0.5 text-[10px] text-white/20">
+                Last scanned {formatRelativeTime(duplicateLastScanned)}
+              </p>
+            )}
+          </div>
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+            {/* Batch select — only shown when there are groups and nothing is selected yet */}
+            {hasResults && selectedCount === 0 && !deleting && (
+              <button
+                className="rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.04] px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.07] hover:text-white"
+                onClick={selectKeepFirstAllGroups}
+                title={`Mark ${totalDuplicateImages} duplicate${totalDuplicateImages === 1 ? "" : "s"} for deletion across all groups (keeps first in each)`}
+              >
+                Select all duplicates
+              </button>
+            )}
+            {selectedCount > 0 ? (
+              <>
+                <span className="text-[11px] text-white/40">{selectedCount} marked for deletion</span>
+                <button
+                  className="rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.04] px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.07] hover:text-white disabled:opacity-40"
+                  onClick={clearDuplicateSelection}
+                  disabled={deleting}
+                >
+                  Deselect all
+                </button>
+                <button
+                  className="rounded-lg border border-red-400/25 bg-red-500/10 px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-red-300 transition-colors hover:bg-red-500/15 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40"
+                  onClick={handleDelete}
+                  disabled={deleting}
+                >
+                  {deleting ? "Deleting…" : `Delete ${selectedCount} file${selectedCount === 1 ? "" : "s"}`}
+                </button>
+              </>
+            ) : null}
+            <button
+              className="rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.055] px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-300 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40"
+              onClick={() => { setDeleteResult(null); void scanDuplicates(selectedFolderId); }}
+              disabled={duplicateScanning}
+            >
+              {duplicateScanning ? "Scanning…" : hasScanned ? "Rescan" : "Scan for duplicates"}
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* Progress bar */}
+        {duplicateScanning && duplicateScanProgress ? (
+          <div className="mt-3 h-px overflow-hidden rounded-full bg-white/[0.07]">
+            <div
+              className="h-full rounded-full bg-blue-500/60 transition-[width] duration-200"
+              style={{ width: `${progressPercent}%` }}
+            />
+          </div>
+        ) : null}
+
+        {duplicateScanError ? (
+          <p className="mt-2 text-[11px] text-red-400/80">{duplicateScanError}</p>
+        ) : null}
+        {deleteResult ? (
+          <p className="mt-2 text-[11px] text-white/40">{deleteResult}</p>
+        ) : null}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Body */}
+      {duplicateScanning && !hasResults ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-3 text-white/25">
+          <div className="h-5 w-5 animate-spin rounded-full border-2 border-white/15 border-t-white/50" />
+          <span className="text-sm">Hashing files…</span>
+        </div>
+      ) : !hasScanned ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center px-8">
+          <div className="max-w-sm text-center">
+            <svg className="mx-auto mb-4 h-10 w-10 text-white/10" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+              <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1}
+                d="M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z" />
+            </svg>
+            <p className="text-sm text-white/30">
+              Finds files with identical content regardless of filename or location.
+              Click <strong className="text-white/50">Scan for duplicates</strong> to begin.
+            </p>
+            <p className="mt-2 text-xs text-white/20">
+              Large libraries may take a minute — files are hashed from disk.
+            </p>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      ) : duplicateGroups.length === 0 ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center">
+          <p className="text-sm text-white/25">No duplicate files found.</p>
+        </div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="overflow-y-auto px-6 py-5">
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            {duplicateGroups.map((group) => (
+              <DuplicateGroupCard key={group.file_hash} group={group} />
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+

src/components/Gallery.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useEffect, useRef, useCallback, useState } from "react";
 import { convertFileSrc } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
-import { ImageRecord, tileSizeForZoom, useGalleryStore } from "../store";
+import { ImageRecord, parseSearchValue, tileSizeForZoom, useGalleryStore } from "../store";
 
 const GAP = 6;
 
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ function ContextMenu({
   const openImage = useGalleryStore((state) => state.openImage);
   const updateImageDetails = useGalleryStore((state) => state.updateImageDetails);
   const loadSimilarImages = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadSimilarImages);
+  const similarScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.similarScope);
   const canFindSimilar = image.embedding_status === "ready";
 
   return (
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ function ContextMenu({
         }`}
         onClick={async () => {
           if (!canFindSimilar) return;
-          await loadSimilarImages(image.id);
+          await loadSimilarImages(image.id, similarScope === "current_folder" ? image.folder_id : null, true, image.folder_id);
           onClose();
         }}
         disabled={!canFindSimilar}
@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ function ImageTile({
   const [loaded, setLoaded] = useState(false);
   const [errored, setErrored] = useState(false);
   const loadSimilarImages = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadSimilarImages);
+  const similarScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.similarScope);
   const canFindSimilar = image.embedding_status === "ready";
 
   const src = image.thumbnail_path
@@ -181,6 +183,15 @@ function ImageTile({
             </svg>
           </div>
         )}
+        {image.rating > 0 && (
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-0.5 rounded-md bg-black/60 px-1.5 py-1 text-amber-300 backdrop-blur-sm">
+            {Array.from({ length: image.rating }, (_, index) => (
+              <svg key={index} className="h-2.5 w-2.5" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
+                <path d="M9.049 2.927c.3-.921 1.603-.921 1.902 0l1.07 3.292a1 1 0 00.95.69h3.462c.969 0 1.371 1.24.588 1.81l-2.8 2.034a1 1 0 00-.364 1.118l1.07 3.292c.3.921-.755 1.688-1.54 1.118l-2.8-2.034a1 1 0 00-1.176 0l-2.8 2.034c-.784.57-1.838-.197-1.539-1.118l1.07-3.292a1 1 0 00-.364-1.118L2.98 8.72c-.783-.57-.38-1.81.588-1.81H7.03a1 1 0 00.951-.69l1.07-3.292z" />
+              </svg>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        )}
         {image.media_kind === "video" && image.duration_ms && (
           <div className="rounded-md bg-black/60 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium text-white/80 backdrop-blur-sm">
             {formatDuration(image.duration_ms)}
@@ -230,7 +241,7 @@ function ImageTile({
             onClick={(event) => {
               event.stopPropagation();
               if (!canFindSimilar) return;
-              void loadSimilarImages(image.id);
+              void loadSimilarImages(image.id, similarScope === "current_folder" ? image.folder_id : null, true, image.folder_id);
             }}
             disabled={!canFindSimilar}
           >
@@ -250,7 +261,11 @@ export function Gallery() {
   const loadingImages = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadingImages);
   const zoomPreset = useGalleryStore((state) => state.zoomPreset);
   const search = useGalleryStore((state) => state.search);
-  const searchMode = useGalleryStore((state) => state.searchMode);
+  const collectionTitle = useGalleryStore((state) => state.collectionTitle);
+  const imageLoadError = useGalleryStore((state) => state.imageLoadError);
+  const galleryScrollResetKey = useGalleryStore((state) => state.galleryScrollResetKey);
+  const isSimilarResults = collectionTitle === "Similar Images";
+  const parsedSearch = parseSearchValue(search);
 
   const parentRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [contextMenu, setContextMenu] = useState<{ x: number; y: number; image: ImageRecord } | null>(null);
@@ -258,6 +273,7 @@ export function Gallery() {
   const handleScroll = useCallback(() => {
     const element = parentRef.current;
     if (!element) return;
+    if (element.scrollTop < 24) return;
     const nearBottom = element.scrollTop + element.clientHeight >= element.scrollHeight - 600;
     if (nearBottom && !loadingImages && images.length < totalImages) {
       void loadMoreImages();
@@ -271,6 +287,10 @@ export function Gallery() {
     return () => element.removeEventListener("scroll", handleScroll);
   }, [handleScroll]);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    parentRef.current?.scrollTo({ top: 0, left: 0 });
+  }, [galleryScrollResetKey]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     const close = (event: PointerEvent) => {
       if ((event.target as HTMLElement | null)?.closest("[data-gallery-context-menu]")) return;
@@ -287,51 +307,64 @@ export function Gallery() {
     };
   }, []);
 
-  if (images.length === 0 && loadingImages) {
   return (
-      <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4 text-center px-8">
+    <div ref={parentRef} className="relative flex-1 overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden min-h-0 bg-[#07080f]">
+      {images.length === 0 && loadingImages ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4 text-center px-8 absolute inset-0">
           <div className="rounded-2xl border border-white/[0.06] bg-white/[0.02] p-8 min-w-72">
             <div className="h-5 w-5 mx-auto rounded-full border-2 border-white/20 border-t-white/60 animate-spin" />
             <p className="mt-4 text-sm text-white/40 font-medium">
-            {searchMode === "semantic" && search.trim().length > 0
+              {isSimilarResults
-              ? `Searching for matches to "${search}"`
+                ? "Finding similar images"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "semantic" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
+                ? `Searching for matches to "${parsedSearch.query}"`
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "tag" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
+                ? `Searching tags for "${parsedSearch.query}"`
                 : "Loading media"}
             </p>
             <p className="text-xs text-white/20 mt-1">
-            {searchMode === "semantic" && search.trim().length > 0
+              {isSimilarResults
+                ? "Comparing visual embeddings"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "semantic" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
                 ? "Semantic search can take a little longer than filename search"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "tag" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
+                ? "Matching against AI and user tags"
                 : "Fetching results"}
             </p>
           </div>
         </div>
-    );
+      ) : images.length === 0 && !loadingImages ? (
-  }
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4 text-center px-8 absolute inset-0">
-
-  if (images.length === 0 && !loadingImages) {
-    return (
-      <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4 text-center px-8">
           <div className="rounded-2xl border border-white/[0.06] bg-white/[0.02] p-8">
             <svg className="h-12 w-12 mx-auto text-white/10 mb-4" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
               <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={0.75}
                 d="M4 16l4.586-4.586a2 2 0 012.828 0L16 16m-2-2l1.586-1.586a2 2 0 012.828 0L20 14m-6-6h.01M6 20h12a2 2 0 002-2V6a2 2 0 00-2-2H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2z" />
             </svg>
             <p className="text-sm text-white/30 font-medium">
-            {searchMode === "semantic" && search.trim().length > 0
+              {imageLoadError
+                ? "Could not load results"
+                : isSimilarResults
+                ? "No similar images found"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "semantic" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
                 ? "No semantic matches found"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "tag" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
+                ? "No tag matches found"
                 : "No media found"}
             </p>
             <p className="text-xs text-white/15 mt-1">
-            {searchMode === "semantic" && search.trim().length > 0
+              {imageLoadError
+                ? imageLoadError
+                : isSimilarResults
+                ? "This item may be visually isolated, or more embeddings may need to finish processing"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "semantic" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
                 ? "Try a broader phrase, or wait for more embeddings to finish processing"
+                : parsedSearch.mode === "tag" && parsedSearch.query.length > 0
+                ? "Try a shorter tag, or wait for more tagging jobs to finish"
                 : "Try adjusting your filters or add a new folder"}
             </p>
           </div>
         </div>
-    );
+      ) : (
-  }
-
-  return (
-    <div ref={parentRef} className="relative flex-1 overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden min-h-0 bg-[#07080f]">
         <div
           className="grid content-start"
           style={{
@@ -352,8 +385,9 @@ export function Gallery() {
             />
           ))}
         </div>
+      )}
 
-      {loadingImages ? (
+      {images.length > 0 && loadingImages ? (
         <div className="flex justify-center py-8">
           <div className="h-4 w-4 rounded-full border-2 border-white/20 border-t-white/60 animate-spin" />
         </div>

src/components/Lightbox.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { useEffect, useCallback, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { motion, AnimatePresence } from "framer-motion";
 import { convertFileSrc } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
-import { useGalleryStore } from "../store";
+import { useGalleryStore, ImageTag, AiRating } from "../store";
 
 function formatBytes(bytes: number): string {
   if (bytes < 1024) return `${bytes} B`;
@@ -45,18 +45,114 @@ function embeddingLabel(status: string, model: string | null): string {
   return "Queued";
 }
 
+function ratingPill(rating: AiRating): { label: string; className: string } {
+  switch (rating) {
+    case "general":
+      return { label: "General", className: "border-emerald-400/25 bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-300" };
+    case "sensitive":
+      return { label: "Sensitive", className: "border-sky-400/25 bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-300" };
+    case "questionable":
+      return { label: "Questionable", className: "border-amber-400/25 bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-300" };
+    case "explicit":
+      return { label: "Explicit", className: "border-red-400/25 bg-red-500/10 text-red-300" };
+  }
+}
+
+interface DragRect {
+  startX: number;
+  startY: number;
+  endX: number;
+  endY: number;
+}
+
+/** Compute a CSS-pixel rect (relative to the viewport container) from a DragRect. */
+function normaliseRect(r: DragRect): { left: number; top: number; width: number; height: number } {
+  return {
+    left: Math.min(r.startX, r.endX),
+    top: Math.min(r.startY, r.endY),
+    width: Math.abs(r.endX - r.startX),
+    height: Math.abs(r.endY - r.startY),
+  };
+}
+
+/** Convert a CSS-pixel drag rect (relative to viewport container) to normalised 0–1 crop coords
+ *  relative to the actual rendered <img> element bounds. */
+function rectToNormalisedCrop(
+  rect: DragRect,
+  imgEl: HTMLImageElement,
+): { x: number; y: number; w: number; h: number } | null {
+  const imgBounds = imgEl.getBoundingClientRect();
+  if (imgBounds.width === 0 || imgBounds.height === 0) return null;
+
+  // rect coords are already in viewport space (client coords)
+  const rawX = Math.min(rect.startX, rect.endX);
+  const rawY = Math.min(rect.startY, rect.endY);
+  const rawW = Math.abs(rect.endX - rect.startX);
+  const rawH = Math.abs(rect.endY - rect.startY);
+
+  // Clamp to image bounds
+  const clampedX = Math.max(rawX, imgBounds.left);
+  const clampedY = Math.max(rawY, imgBounds.top);
+  const clampedRight = Math.min(rawX + rawW, imgBounds.right);
+  const clampedBottom = Math.min(rawY + rawH, imgBounds.bottom);
+
+  const croppedW = clampedRight - clampedX;
+  const croppedH = clampedBottom - clampedY;
+
+  if (croppedW <= 0 || croppedH <= 0) return null;
+
+  // Normalize by the CSS transform scale — getBoundingClientRect already returns
+  // the scaled (on-screen) size, so we normalize directly against that.
+  return {
+    x: (clampedX - imgBounds.left) / imgBounds.width,
+    y: (clampedY - imgBounds.top) / imgBounds.height,
+    w: croppedW / imgBounds.width,
+    h: croppedH / imgBounds.height,
+  };
+}
+
+/** Minimum selection size as a fraction of the viewport container dimension. */
+const MIN_SELECTION_FRACTION = 0.02;
+
 export function Lightbox() {
   const selectedImage = useGalleryStore((state) => state.selectedImage);
   const closeImage = useGalleryStore((state) => state.closeImage);
   const images = useGalleryStore((state) => state.images);
   const openImage = useGalleryStore((state) => state.openImage);
   const loadSimilarImages = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadSimilarImages);
+  const loadSimilarByRegion = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadSimilarByRegion);
+  const similarScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.similarScope);
   const updateImageDetails = useGalleryStore((state) => state.updateImageDetails);
+  const getImageTags = useGalleryStore((state) => state.getImageTags);
+  const addUserTag = useGalleryStore((state) => state.addUserTag);
+  const removeTag = useGalleryStore((state) => state.removeTag);
+  const taggerModelStatus = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerModelStatus);
+  const queueTaggingForImage = useGalleryStore((state) => state.queueTaggingForImage);
+
+  // Tracks the image id that is currently displayed, used to discard async
+  // tag mutations that resolve after the user has navigated to another image.
+  const currentImageIdRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+  currentImageIdRef.current = selectedImage?.id ?? null;
+
   const [zoom, setZoom] = useState(1);
+  const [imageTags, setImageTags] = useState<ImageTag[]>([]);
+  const [tagInput, setTagInput] = useState("");
+  const [tagAdding, setTagAdding] = useState(false);
+  const [tagsExpanded, setTagsExpanded] = useState(false);
+  const [taggingQueued, setTaggingQueued] = useState(false);
+
+  // Region selection state
+  const [regionSelectMode, setRegionSelectMode] = useState(false);
+  const [isDragging, setIsDragging] = useState(false);
+  const [dragRect, setDragRect] = useState<DragRect | null>(null);
+  const [regionSearching, setRegionSearching] = useState(false);
+
   const imageViewportRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const imgRef = useRef<HTMLImageElement>(null);
 
   const currentIndex = selectedImage ? images.findIndex((image) => image.id === selectedImage.id) : -1;
   const canFindSimilar = selectedImage?.embedding_status === "ready";
+  const canSearchRegion = canFindSimilar && selectedImage?.media_kind === "image";
 
   const goPrev = useCallback(() => {
     if (currentIndex > 0) openImage(images[currentIndex - 1]);
@@ -66,15 +162,44 @@ export function Lightbox() {
     if (currentIndex >= 0 && currentIndex < images.length - 1) openImage(images[currentIndex + 1]);
   }, [currentIndex, images, openImage]);
 
+  const exitRegionMode = useCallback(() => {
+    setRegionSelectMode(false);
+    setIsDragging(false);
+    setDragRect(null);
+  }, []);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     setZoom(1);
-  }, [selectedImage?.id]);
+    setImageTags([]);
+    setTagInput("");
+    setTagsExpanded(false);
+    setTaggingQueued(false);
+    exitRegionMode();
+    setRegionSearching(false);
+  }, [selectedImage?.id, exitRegionMode]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!selectedImage) return;
+    // Capture the ID so a stale response for image A cannot overwrite B's tags
+    // when the user navigates before the request resolves.
+    let cancelled = false;
+    void getImageTags(selectedImage.id)
+      .then((tags) => { if (!cancelled) setImageTags(tags); })
+      .catch(() => { if (!cancelled) setImageTags([]); });
+    return () => { cancelled = true; };
+  }, [selectedImage?.id, selectedImage?.ai_tagged_at, getImageTags]);
+
+  // Reset the queued state once the worker finishes so the button is usable again
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (selectedImage?.ai_tagged_at) setTaggingQueued(false);
+  }, [selectedImage?.ai_tagged_at]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const viewport = imageViewportRef.current;
     if (!viewport || !selectedImage || selectedImage.media_kind !== "image") return;
 
     const handleWheel = (event: WheelEvent) => {
+      if (regionSelectMode) return; // don't zoom during selection
       if (!event.ctrlKey && Math.abs(event.deltaY) < Math.abs(event.deltaX)) return;
       event.preventDefault();
       setZoom((value) => {
@@ -85,12 +210,19 @@ export function Lightbox() {
 
     viewport.addEventListener("wheel", handleWheel, { passive: false });
     return () => viewport.removeEventListener("wheel", handleWheel);
-  }, [selectedImage]);
+  }, [selectedImage, regionSelectMode]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handler = (event: KeyboardEvent) => {
       if (!selectedImage) return;
-      if (event.key === "Escape") closeImage();
+      if (event.key === "Escape") {
+        if (regionSelectMode) {
+          exitRegionMode();
+        } else {
+          closeImage();
+        }
+      }
+      if (regionSelectMode) return; // block nav keys during selection
       if (event.key === "ArrowLeft") goPrev();
       if (event.key === "ArrowRight") goNext();
       if (event.key === "+" || event.key === "=") setZoom((value) => Math.min(3, value + 0.25));
@@ -99,7 +231,75 @@ export function Lightbox() {
 
     window.addEventListener("keydown", handler);
     return () => window.removeEventListener("keydown", handler);
-  }, [selectedImage, closeImage, goPrev, goNext]);
+  }, [selectedImage, closeImage, goPrev, goNext, regionSelectMode, exitRegionMode]);
+
+  // ── Region selection pointer handlers ───────────────────────────────────────
+  const handleRegionPointerDown = useCallback(
+    (event: React.PointerEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+      if (!regionSelectMode) return;
+      event.preventDefault();
+      event.currentTarget.setPointerCapture(event.pointerId);
+      setIsDragging(true);
+      setDragRect({
+        startX: event.clientX,
+        startY: event.clientY,
+        endX: event.clientX,
+        endY: event.clientY,
+      });
+    },
+    [regionSelectMode],
+  );
+
+  const handleRegionPointerMove = useCallback(
+    (event: React.PointerEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+      if (!isDragging) return;
+      setDragRect((prev) =>
+        prev ? { ...prev, endX: event.clientX, endY: event.clientY } : null,
+      );
+    },
+    [isDragging],
+  );
+
+  const handleRegionPointerUp = useCallback(
+    (event: React.PointerEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+      if (!isDragging || !dragRect || !selectedImage || !imgRef.current) {
+        setIsDragging(false);
+        return;
+      }
+      event.currentTarget.releasePointerCapture(event.pointerId);
+
+      const finalRect: DragRect = { ...dragRect, endX: event.clientX, endY: event.clientY };
+      const crop = rectToNormalisedCrop(finalRect, imgRef.current);
+
+      setIsDragging(false);
+      setDragRect(null);
+
+      // Ignore tiny accidental clicks
+      const containerBounds = imageViewportRef.current?.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const containerSize = containerBounds
+        ? Math.min(containerBounds.width, containerBounds.height)
+        : 500;
+      const selW = Math.abs(finalRect.endX - finalRect.startX);
+      const selH = Math.abs(finalRect.endY - finalRect.startY);
+      if (!crop || selW < containerSize * MIN_SELECTION_FRACTION || selH < containerSize * MIN_SELECTION_FRACTION) {
+        exitRegionMode();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      exitRegionMode();
+      setRegionSearching(true);
+
+      const folderId =
+        similarScope === "current_folder" ? selectedImage.folder_id : null;
+      void loadSimilarByRegion(selectedImage.id, crop, folderId, selectedImage.folder_id)
+        .finally(() => setRegionSearching(false));
+    },
+    [isDragging, dragRect, selectedImage, similarScope, loadSimilarByRegion, exitRegionMode],
+  );
+
+  // Build the CSS rect for the selection overlay (viewport-relative)
+  const selectionOverlay =
+    isDragging && dragRect ? normaliseRect(dragRect) : null;
 
   return (
     <AnimatePresence>
@@ -111,11 +311,11 @@ export function Lightbox() {
           animate={{ opacity: 1 }}
           exit={{ opacity: 0 }}
           transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
-          onClick={closeImage}
+          onClick={regionSelectMode ? undefined : closeImage}
         >
           <button
             className="absolute left-4 top-1/2 z-10 -translate-y-1/2 rounded-full bg-white/10 p-3 text-white transition-colors hover:bg-white/20 disabled:opacity-20"
-            disabled={currentIndex <= 0}
+            disabled={currentIndex <= 0 || regionSelectMode}
             onClick={(event) => {
               event.stopPropagation();
               goPrev();
@@ -130,8 +330,38 @@ export function Lightbox() {
             <div className="flex flex-1 overflow-hidden">
               <div
                 ref={imageViewportRef}
-                className="group relative flex flex-1 items-center justify-center overflow-auto p-10"
+                className={`group relative flex flex-1 items-center justify-center overflow-auto p-10 ${
+                  regionSelectMode ? "cursor-crosshair select-none" : ""
+                }`}
+                onPointerDown={handleRegionPointerDown}
+                onPointerMove={handleRegionPointerMove}
+                onPointerUp={handleRegionPointerUp}
               >
+                {/* Region selection mode hint */}
+                {regionSelectMode && (
+                  <div className="pointer-events-none absolute inset-x-0 top-4 z-20 flex justify-center">
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full border border-white/15 bg-black/70 px-4 py-2 text-xs text-gray-300 backdrop-blur">
+                      <svg className="h-3.5 w-3.5 text-violet-400" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+                        <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M4 8V4m0 0h4M4 4l5 5m11-1V4m0 0h-4m4 0l-5 5M4 16v4m0 0h4m-4 0l5-5m11 5l-5-5m5 5v-4m0 4h-4" />
+                      </svg>
+                      Draw a region to search — <kbd className="ml-1 rounded border border-white/20 bg-white/10 px-1.5 py-0.5 font-mono text-[10px]">Esc</kbd> to cancel
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                )}
+
+                {/* Selection rectangle overlay */}
+                {selectionOverlay && selectionOverlay.width > 4 && selectionOverlay.height > 4 && (
+                  <div
+                    className="pointer-events-none fixed z-30 rounded border-2 border-violet-400 bg-violet-400/15 shadow-[0_0_0_9999px_rgba(0,0,0,0.35)]"
+                    style={{
+                      left: selectionOverlay.left,
+                      top: selectionOverlay.top,
+                      width: selectionOverlay.width,
+                      height: selectionOverlay.height,
+                    }}
+                  />
+                )}
+
                 <AnimatePresence mode="wait">
                   <motion.div
                     key={selectedImage.id}
@@ -151,6 +381,7 @@ export function Lightbox() {
                     ) : (
                       <>
                         <img
+                          ref={imgRef}
                           src={convertFileSrc(selectedImage.path)}
                           alt={selectedImage.filename}
                           className="max-w-full rounded-2xl shadow-2xl"
@@ -158,8 +389,11 @@ export function Lightbox() {
                             maxHeight: "calc(100vh - 10rem)",
                             transform: `scale(${zoom})`,
                             transformOrigin: "center center",
+                            // Slightly dim the image while in region select mode
+                            ...(regionSelectMode ? { opacity: 0.85 } : {}),
                           }}
                         />
+                        {!regionSelectMode && (
                           <div className="pointer-events-none absolute right-6 top-6 opacity-0 transition-opacity group-hover:opacity-100">
                             <div className="pointer-events-auto flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full border border-white/10 bg-black/55 px-2 py-1 backdrop-blur">
                               <button
@@ -177,14 +411,15 @@ export function Lightbox() {
                               </button>
                             </div>
                           </div>
+                        )}
                       </>
                     )}
                   </motion.div>
                 </AnimatePresence>
               </div>
 
-              <div className="flex w-72 shrink-0 flex-col border-l border-white/5 bg-gray-900/95 p-5">
+              <div className="flex w-72 shrink-0 flex-col border-l border-white/5 bg-gray-900/95">
-                <div className="mb-5 flex items-center justify-between">
+                <div className="flex shrink-0 items-center justify-between px-5 pt-5 pb-4">
                   <div className="min-w-0">
                     <p className="truncate text-sm font-medium text-white">{selectedImage.filename}</p>
                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Details</p>
@@ -207,7 +442,7 @@ export function Lightbox() {
                       }`}
                       onClick={() => {
                         if (!canFindSimilar) return;
-                        void loadSimilarImages(selectedImage.id);
+                        void loadSimilarImages(selectedImage.id, similarScope === "current_folder" ? selectedImage.folder_id : null, true, selectedImage.folder_id);
                       }}
                       disabled={!canFindSimilar}
                     >
@@ -221,7 +456,54 @@ export function Lightbox() {
                   </button>
                 </div>
 
-                <div className="space-y-4 text-sm">
+                {/* Search region button row */}
+                {canSearchRegion && (
+                  <div className="shrink-0 px-5 pb-3">
+                    <button
+                      className={`w-full rounded-lg border px-3 py-2 text-xs transition-colors ${
+                        regionSelectMode
+                          ? "border-violet-400/40 bg-violet-500/15 text-violet-300 hover:bg-violet-500/20"
+                          : regionSearching
+                          ? "border-white/5 bg-white/[0.03] text-gray-500 cursor-not-allowed"
+                          : "border-white/10 bg-white/5 text-gray-300 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
+                      }`}
+                      onClick={() => {
+                        if (regionSearching) return;
+                        setRegionSelectMode((prev) => !prev);
+                        setDragRect(null);
+                        setIsDragging(false);
+                      }}
+                      disabled={regionSearching}
+                      title={regionSelectMode ? "Cancel region selection" : "Draw a region on the image to search for similar content"}
+                    >
+                      {regionSearching ? (
+                        <span className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5">
+                          <svg className="h-3 w-3 animate-spin" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
+                            <circle className="opacity-25" cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth="4" />
+                            <path className="opacity-75" fill="currentColor" d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8v8H4z" />
+                          </svg>
+                          Searching region…
+                        </span>
+                      ) : regionSelectMode ? (
+                        <span className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5">
+                          <svg className="h-3 w-3" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+                            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
+                          </svg>
+                          Cancel selection
+                        </span>
+                      ) : (
+                        <span className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5">
+                          <svg className="h-3 w-3" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+                            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M4 8V4m0 0h4M4 4l5 5m11-1V4m0 0h-4m4 0l-5 5M4 16v4m0 0h4m-4 0l5-5m11 5l-5-5m5 5v-4m0 4h-4" />
+                          </svg>
+                          Search within image
+                        </span>
+                      )}
+                    </button>
+                  </div>
+                )}
+
+                <div className="min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-5 pb-4 space-y-4 text-sm">
                   <div>
                     <p className="mb-1 text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-500">Rating</p>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
@@ -316,13 +598,117 @@ export function Lightbox() {
                     ) : null}
                   </div>
 
+                  <div>
+                    <div className="mb-2 flex items-center justify-between">
+                      <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-500">Tags</p>
+                      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
+                        {selectedImage.ai_rating ? (
+                          <span className={`rounded-md border px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium ${ratingPill(selectedImage.ai_rating).className}`}>
+                            {ratingPill(selectedImage.ai_rating).label}
+                          </span>
+                        ) : null}
+                        {selectedImage.media_kind === "image" ? (
+                          <button
+                            className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/5 px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-gray-400 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40"
+                            disabled={!(taggerModelStatus?.ready ?? false) || taggingQueued}
+                            title={!(taggerModelStatus?.ready ?? false) ? "WD Tagger model not downloaded" : "Queue AI tagging for this image"}
+                            onClick={() => {
+                              setTaggingQueued(true);
+                              void queueTaggingForImage(selectedImage.id).catch(() => undefined);
+                            }}
+                          >
+                            {taggingQueued ? "Queued" : "AI tags"}
+                          </button>
+                        ) : null}
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
+
+                    {imageTags.length > 0 ? (
+                      <>
+                        <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+                          {(tagsExpanded ? imageTags : imageTags.slice(0, 8)).map((t) => (
+                            <span
+                              key={t.id}
+                              className={`group flex items-center gap-1 rounded-md border px-2 py-0.5 text-xs ${
+                                t.source === "ai"
+                                  ? "border-sky-400/20 bg-sky-500/8 text-sky-300"
+                                  : "border-white/10 bg-white/5 text-gray-300"
+                              }`}
+                              title={t.source === "ai" && t.confidence !== null ? `AI confidence: ${(t.confidence * 100).toFixed(0)}%` : undefined}
+                            >
+                              {t.tag}
+                              <button
+                                className="text-gray-600 opacity-0 transition-opacity hover:text-white group-hover:opacity-100"
+                                onClick={() => {
+                                  void removeTag(t.id).then(() =>
+                                    setImageTags((prev) => prev.filter((x) => x.id !== t.id)),
+                                  );
+                                }}
+                                title="Remove tag"
+                              >
+                                <svg className="h-3 w-3" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+                                  <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
+                                </svg>
+                              </button>
+                            </span>
+                          ))}
+                        </div>
+                        {imageTags.length > 8 && (
+                          <button
+                            className="mt-1.5 text-xs text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-300 transition-colors"
+                            onClick={() => setTagsExpanded((v) => !v)}
+                          >
+                            {tagsExpanded ? "Show less" : `+${imageTags.length - 8} more`}
+                          </button>
+                        )}
+                      </>
+                    ) : (
+                      <p className="text-xs text-gray-600">No tags yet</p>
+                    )}
+
+                    <form
+                      className="mt-2 flex gap-1.5"
+                      onSubmit={(e) => {
+                        e.preventDefault();
+                        const raw = tagInput.trim();
+                        if (!raw || tagAdding) return;
+                        setTagAdding(true);
+                        const taggedImageId = selectedImage.id;
+                        void addUserTag(taggedImageId, raw)
+                          .then((newTag) => {
+                            // Discard if the user navigated away before the request resolved.
+                            if (currentImageIdRef.current !== taggedImageId) return;
+                            setImageTags((prev) => [...prev, newTag]);
+                            setTagInput("");
+                          })
+                          .catch(() => undefined)
+                          .finally(() => setTagAdding(false));
+                      }}
+                    >
+                      <input
+                        className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/5 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-white placeholder-gray-600 focus:border-white/20 focus:outline-none"
+                        placeholder="Add tag…"
+                        value={tagInput}
+                        onChange={(e) => setTagInput(e.target.value)}
+                        disabled={tagAdding}
+                      />
+                      <button
+                        type="submit"
+                        className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/5 px-2.5 py-1 text-xs text-gray-300 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50"
+                        disabled={tagAdding || !tagInput.trim()}
+                      >
+                        Add
+                      </button>
+                    </form>
+                  </div>
+
                   <div>
                     <p className="mb-1 text-xs uppercase tracking-wider text-gray-500">Path</p>
                     <p className="break-all text-xs text-gray-400">{selectedImage.path}</p>
                   </div>
                 </div>
 
-                <div className="mt-auto pt-4 text-center text-xs text-gray-600">
+                <div className="shrink-0 mt-auto px-5 pb-4 pt-2 text-center text-xs text-gray-600">
                   {currentIndex + 1} / {images.length}
                 </div>
               </div>
@@ -331,7 +717,7 @@ export function Lightbox() {
 
           <button
             className="absolute right-80 top-1/2 z-10 -translate-y-1/2 rounded-full bg-white/10 p-3 text-white transition-colors hover:bg-white/20 disabled:opacity-20"
-            disabled={currentIndex >= images.length - 1}
+            disabled={currentIndex >= images.length - 1 || regionSelectMode}
             onClick={(event) => {
               event.stopPropagation();
               goNext();

src/components/SettingsModal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,568 @@
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { TaggerAcceleration, TaggingQueueScope, useGalleryStore } from "../store";
+
+type SettingsSection = "workspace" | "workers";
+
+const SECTIONS: { id: SettingsSection; label: string; detail: string }[] = [
+  { id: "workspace", label: "AI Workspace", detail: "Tagging models and queue targets" },
+  { id: "workers", label: "Workers", detail: "Queue activity and background processing" },
+];
+
+function StatusPill({ children, tone }: { children: React.ReactNode; tone: "ready" | "muted" | "busy" }) {
+  const className =
+    tone === "ready"
+      ? "border-emerald-400/25 bg-emerald-500/10 text-emerald-300"
+      : tone === "busy"
+        ? "border-sky-400/25 bg-sky-500/10 text-sky-300"
+        : "border-white/10 bg-white/[0.04] text-gray-500";
+
+  return <span className={`inline-flex rounded-md border px-2 py-1 text-[11px] font-medium ${className}`}>{children}</span>;
+}
+
+function SectionShell({ eyebrow, title, description, children }: {
+  eyebrow: string;
+  title: string;
+  description?: string;
+  children: React.ReactNode;
+}) {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <p className="text-[10px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-gray-600">{eyebrow}</p>
+      <h3 className="mt-1 text-lg font-semibold text-white">{title}</h3>
+      {description ? <p className="mt-2 max-w-2xl text-sm leading-relaxed text-gray-500">{description}</p> : null}
+      <div className="mt-5 space-y-4">{children}</div>
+    </section>
+  );
+}
+
+function SettingsCard({ title, description, children }: { title: string; description?: string; children: React.ReactNode }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-2xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-white/[0.03] p-5">
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1 border-b border-white/[0.07] pb-4">
+        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-white">{title}</p>
+        {description ? <p className="text-xs leading-relaxed text-gray-500">{description}</p> : null}
+      </div>
+      <div className="pt-4">{children}</div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function SettingsRow({ title, description, children }: { title: string; description: string; children: React.ReactNode }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-5 border-b border-white/[0.07] py-4 last:border-b-0 first:pt-0 last:pb-0">
+      <div className="min-w-0">
+        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-white">{title}</p>
+        <p className="mt-1 max-w-md text-xs leading-relaxed text-gray-500">{description}</p>
+      </div>
+      <div className="shrink-0">{children}</div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function ScopeButton({ scope, current, onSelect, children }: {
+  scope: TaggingQueueScope;
+  current: TaggingQueueScope;
+  onSelect: (scope: TaggingQueueScope) => void;
+  children: React.ReactNode;
+}) {
+  const active = scope === current;
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      className={`rounded-md border px-3 py-1.5 text-xs transition-colors ${
+        active
+          ? "border-emerald-400/35 bg-emerald-500/15 text-emerald-200"
+          : "border-white/10 bg-white/[0.045] text-gray-500 hover:bg-white/[0.075] hover:text-gray-200"
+      }`}
+      onClick={() => onSelect(scope)}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </button>
+  );
+}
+
+function TaggerAccelerationButton({ acceleration, current, onSelect, children }: {
+  acceleration: TaggerAcceleration;
+  current: TaggerAcceleration;
+  onSelect: (acceleration: TaggerAcceleration) => void;
+  children: React.ReactNode;
+}) {
+  const active = acceleration === current;
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      className={`rounded-md border px-3 py-1.5 text-xs transition-colors ${
+        active
+          ? "border-emerald-400/35 bg-emerald-500/15 text-emerald-200"
+          : "border-white/10 bg-white/[0.045] text-gray-500 hover:bg-white/[0.075] hover:text-gray-200"
+      }`}
+      onClick={() => onSelect(acceleration)}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </button>
+  );
+}
+
+export function SettingsModal() {
+  const [activeSection, setActiveSection] = useState<SettingsSection>("workspace");
+  const [taggerQueueStatus, setTaggerQueueStatus] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [taggerQueueing, setTaggerQueueing] = useState(false);
+  const [taggerClearing, setTaggerClearing] = useState(false);
+  const [taggerAccelerationSaving, setTaggerAccelerationSaving] = useState(false);
+  const [taggerThresholdDraft, setTaggerThresholdDraft] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [taggerThresholdSaving, setTaggerThresholdSaving] = useState(false);
+  const [taggerBatchSizeDraft, setTaggerBatchSizeDraft] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [taggerBatchSizeSaving, setTaggerBatchSizeSaving] = useState(false);
+  const settingsOpen = useGalleryStore((state) => state.settingsOpen);
+  const setSettingsOpen = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setSettingsOpen);
+  const folders = useGalleryStore((state) => state.folders);
+  const mediaJobProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.mediaJobProgress);
+  const taggingQueueScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggingQueueScope);
+  const taggingQueueFolderIds = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggingQueueFolderIds);
+  const setTaggingQueueScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setTaggingQueueScope);
+  const toggleTaggingQueueFolder = useGalleryStore((state) => state.toggleTaggingQueueFolder);
+  const setTaggingQueueFolderIds = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setTaggingQueueFolderIds);
+  const taggerModelStatus = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerModelStatus);
+  const taggerModelPreparing = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerModelPreparing);
+  const taggerModelProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerModelProgress);
+  const taggerModelError = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerModelError);
+  const taggerAcceleration = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerAcceleration);
+  const taggerThreshold = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerThreshold);
+  const taggerBatchSize = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerBatchSize);
+  const taggerRuntimeProbe = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerRuntimeProbe);
+  const taggerRuntimeChecking = useGalleryStore((state) => state.taggerRuntimeChecking);
+  const loadTaggerModelStatus = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadTaggerModelStatus);
+  const prepareTaggerModel = useGalleryStore((state) => state.prepareTaggerModel);
+  const deleteTaggerModel = useGalleryStore((state) => state.deleteTaggerModel);
+  const loadTaggerAcceleration = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadTaggerAcceleration);
+  const setTaggerAcceleration = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setTaggerAcceleration);
+  const loadTaggerThreshold = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadTaggerThreshold);
+  const setTaggerThreshold = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setTaggerThreshold);
+  const loadTaggerBatchSize = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadTaggerBatchSize);
+  const setTaggerBatchSize = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setTaggerBatchSize);
+  const probeTaggerRuntime = useGalleryStore((state) => state.probeTaggerRuntime);
+  const queueTaggingJobs = useGalleryStore((state) => state.queueTaggingJobs);
+  const queueTaggingJobsForFolders = useGalleryStore((state) => state.queueTaggingJobsForFolders);
+  const clearTaggingJobs = useGalleryStore((state) => state.clearTaggingJobs);
+  const clearTaggingJobsForFolders = useGalleryStore((state) => state.clearTaggingJobsForFolders);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!settingsOpen) return;
+    void loadTaggerModelStatus();
+    void loadTaggerAcceleration();
+    void loadTaggerThreshold();
+    void loadTaggerBatchSize();
+
+    const handleKeyDown = (event: KeyboardEvent) => {
+      if (event.key === "Escape") setSettingsOpen(false);
+    };
+    window.addEventListener("keydown", handleKeyDown);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener("keydown", handleKeyDown);
+  }, [settingsOpen, loadTaggerModelStatus, loadTaggerAcceleration, loadTaggerThreshold, loadTaggerBatchSize, setSettingsOpen]);
+
+  const selectedFolders = useMemo(
+    () => folders.filter((folder) => taggingQueueFolderIds.includes(folder.id)),
+    [folders, taggingQueueFolderIds],
+  );
+
+  const totalQueuedJobs = useMemo(
+    () => Object.values(mediaJobProgress).reduce((sum, progress) => sum + (progress?.tagging_pending ?? 0), 0),
+    [mediaJobProgress],
+  );
+
+  if (!settingsOpen) return null;
+
+  const taggerReady = taggerModelStatus?.ready ?? false;
+  const queueScopeLabel =
+    taggingQueueScope === "all"
+      ? "all media"
+      : selectedFolders.length > 0
+        ? `${selectedFolders.length} selected folder${selectedFolders.length === 1 ? "" : "s"}`
+        : "no folders selected";
+  const thresholdDisplay = taggerThresholdDraft ?? String(taggerThreshold);
+  const batchSizeDisplay = taggerBatchSizeDraft ?? String(taggerBatchSize);
+  const taggerDownloadLabel = taggerModelProgress
+    ? `Downloading ${taggerModelProgress.completed_files}/${taggerModelProgress.total_files}`
+    : taggerModelPreparing
+      ? "Preparing WD Tagger..."
+      : taggerReady
+        ? "Installed"
+        : "Install model";
+  const taggerDownloadPercent = taggerModelProgress
+    ? Math.round((taggerModelProgress.completed_files / Math.max(taggerModelProgress.total_files, 1)) * 100)
+    : 0;
+
+  const runQueueAction = (action: "queue" | "clear") => {
+    const selectedIds = taggingQueueFolderIds;
+    const perform =
+      taggingQueueScope === "all"
+        ? action === "queue"
+          ? queueTaggingJobs(null)
+          : clearTaggingJobs(null)
+        : selectedIds.length > 0
+          ? action === "queue"
+            ? queueTaggingJobsForFolders(selectedIds)
+            : clearTaggingJobsForFolders(selectedIds)
+          : Promise.resolve(0);
+
+    if (action === "queue") {
+      setTaggerQueueing(true);
+    } else {
+      setTaggerClearing(true);
+    }
+    setTaggerQueueStatus(null);
+
+    void perform
+      .then((count) => {
+        if (taggingQueueScope === "selected" && selectedIds.length === 0) {
+          setTaggerQueueStatus("Choose at least one folder before running tagging jobs.");
+          return;
+        }
+        setTaggerQueueStatus(
+          count === 0
+            ? action === "queue"
+              ? "No missing tags found for the current target."
+              : "No queued tagging jobs to clear for the current target."
+            : action === "queue"
+              ? `Queued ${count.toLocaleString()} image${count === 1 ? "" : "s"} for tagging.`
+              : `Cleared ${count.toLocaleString()} queued tagging job${count === 1 ? "" : "s"}.`,
+        );
+      })
+      .catch((error) => setTaggerQueueStatus(String(error)))
+      .finally(() => {
+        if (action === "queue") {
+          setTaggerQueueing(false);
+        } else {
+          setTaggerClearing(false);
+        }
+      });
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="fixed inset-0 z-[60] flex items-center justify-center bg-black/65 px-6 backdrop-blur-sm" onClick={() => setSettingsOpen(false)}>
+      <div
+        className="flex h-[min(760px,calc(100vh-56px))] w-full max-w-5xl overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-white/10 bg-[#07080f] shadow-2xl shadow-black/60"
+        onClick={(event) => event.stopPropagation()}
+      >
+        <aside className="flex w-64 shrink-0 flex-col border-r border-white/[0.07] bg-white/[0.025]">
+          <div className="border-b border-white/[0.07] px-5 py-5">
+            <p className="text-base font-semibold text-white">Settings</p>
+            <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-600">Operational controls for AI workflows</p>
+          </div>
+          <div className="flex-1 space-y-1 overflow-y-auto p-2">
+            {SECTIONS.map((section) => (
+              <button
+                key={section.id}
+                className={`w-full rounded-md px-3 py-2.5 text-left transition-colors ${
+                  activeSection === section.id ? "bg-white/10 text-white" : "text-gray-500 hover:bg-white/[0.055] hover:text-gray-200"
+                }`}
+                onClick={() => setActiveSection(section.id)}
+              >
+                <span className="block text-[13px] font-medium">{section.label}</span>
+                <span className="mt-0.5 block text-[11px] text-gray-600">{section.detail}</span>
+              </button>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </aside>
+
+        <main className="flex min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col">
+          <div className="flex h-14 shrink-0 items-center justify-between border-b border-white/[0.07] px-6">
+            <div>
+              <p className="text-sm font-medium text-white">{activeSection === "workspace" ? "AI Workspace" : "Workers"}</p>
+              <p className="text-xs text-gray-600">{activeSection === "workspace" ? "Model setup and queue targets" : "Background processing status"}</p>
+            </div>
+            <button
+              className="rounded-md p-1.5 text-gray-500 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.06] hover:text-white"
+              onClick={() => setSettingsOpen(false)}
+              title="Close settings"
+            >
+              <svg className="h-4 w-4" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+                <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
+              </svg>
+            </button>
+          </div>
+
+          <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-7 py-6">
+            {activeSection === "workspace" ? (
+              <div className="space-y-8">
+                <SectionShell
+                  eyebrow="AI Workspace"
+                  title="Tagging"
+                >
+                  <SettingsCard title="Tagging Models">
+                    <div className="rounded-xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-4">
+                      <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4">
+                        <div>
+                          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-white">WD SwinV2 Tagger v3</p>
+                            <StatusPill tone={taggerReady ? "ready" : taggerModelPreparing ? "busy" : "muted"}>
+                              {taggerReady ? "Installed" : taggerModelPreparing ? "Preparing" : "Not installed"}
+                            </StatusPill>
+                          </div>
+                          <p className="mt-1 max-w-xl text-xs leading-relaxed text-gray-500">
+                            Anime-focused vision model by SmilingWolf. Generates booru-style tags with configurable confidence thresholds.
+                          </p>
+                        </div>
+                        <div className="flex flex-col items-end gap-2">
+                          <button
+                            className="relative overflow-hidden rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.055] px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-300 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45"
+                            onClick={() => void prepareTaggerModel()}
+                            disabled={taggerModelPreparing || taggerReady}
+                          >
+                            {taggerModelProgress ? <span className="absolute inset-y-0 left-0 bg-emerald-400/15 transition-[width] duration-200" style={{ width: `${taggerDownloadPercent}%` }} /> : null}
+                            <span className="relative">{taggerDownloadLabel}</span>
+                          </button>
+                          {taggerReady ? (
+                            <>
+                              <button
+                                className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.055] px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-300 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45"
+                                onClick={() => void probeTaggerRuntime()}
+                                disabled={taggerRuntimeChecking}
+                              >
+                                {taggerRuntimeChecking ? "Checking runtime..." : "Check runtime"}
+                              </button>
+                              <button
+                                className="rounded-md border border-red-400/20 bg-red-500/10 px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-red-200 transition-colors hover:bg-red-500/15 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45"
+                                onClick={() => void deleteTaggerModel()}
+                                disabled={taggerModelPreparing}
+                              >
+                                Delete model files
+                              </button>
+                            </>
+                          ) : null}
+                        </div>
+                      </div>
+
+                      <div className="mt-4 space-y-4 border-t border-white/[0.07] pt-4">
+                        <SettingsRow title="Tagger acceleration" description="Use DirectML when available, or fall back to CPU for reliability.">
+                          <div className="flex flex-col items-end gap-2">
+                            <div className="flex rounded-lg border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-1">
+                              {(["auto", "directml", "cpu"] as const).map((acceleration) => (
+                                <TaggerAccelerationButton
+                                  key={acceleration}
+                                  acceleration={acceleration}
+                                  current={taggerAcceleration}
+                                  onSelect={(nextAcceleration) => {
+                                    setTaggerAccelerationSaving(true);
+                                    void setTaggerAcceleration(nextAcceleration)
+                                      .catch((error) => setTaggerQueueStatus(String(error)))
+                                      .finally(() => setTaggerAccelerationSaving(false));
+                                  }}
+                                >
+                                  {acceleration === "directml" ? "DirectML" : acceleration === "cpu" ? "CPU" : "Auto"}
+                                </TaggerAccelerationButton>
+                              ))}
+                            </div>
+                            <p className="text-[11px] text-gray-600">{taggerAccelerationSaving ? "Saving..." : `Current: ${taggerAcceleration}`}</p>
+                          </div>
+                        </SettingsRow>
+
+                        <SettingsRow title="Confidence threshold" description="Lower values keep more tags. Higher values are stricter and usually cleaner.">
+                          <div className="flex flex-col items-end gap-2">
+                            <input
+                              type="number"
+                              min="0.05"
+                              max="0.99"
+                              step="0.05"
+                              className="w-20 rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/5 px-2 py-1.5 text-xs text-white focus:border-white/20 focus:outline-none"
+                              value={thresholdDisplay}
+                              onChange={(event) => setTaggerThresholdDraft(event.target.value)}
+                              onBlur={() => {
+                                const value = parseFloat(thresholdDisplay);
+                                if (!isNaN(value) && value >= 0.05 && value <= 0.99) {
+                                  setTaggerThresholdSaving(true);
+                                  void setTaggerThreshold(value)
+                                    .catch((error) => setTaggerQueueStatus(String(error)))
+                                    .finally(() => {
+                                      setTaggerThresholdDraft(null);
+                                      setTaggerThresholdSaving(false);
+                                    });
+                                } else {
+                                  setTaggerThresholdDraft(null);
+                                }
+                              }}
+                            />
+                            <p className="text-[11px] text-gray-600">{taggerThresholdSaving ? "Saving..." : "Default: 0.35"}</p>
+                          </div>
+                        </SettingsRow>
+
+                        <SettingsRow title="Tagging batch size" description="Number of images processed concurrently during tag generation.">
+                          <div className="flex flex-col items-end gap-2">
+                            <input
+                              type="number"
+                              min="1"
+                              max="100"
+                              step="1"
+                              className="w-20 rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/5 px-2 py-1.5 text-xs text-white focus:border-white/20 focus:outline-none"
+                              value={batchSizeDisplay}
+                              onChange={(event) => setTaggerBatchSizeDraft(event.target.value)}
+                              onBlur={() => {
+                                const value = parseInt(batchSizeDisplay, 10);
+                                if (!isNaN(value) && value >= 1 && value <= 100) {
+                                  setTaggerBatchSizeSaving(true);
+                                  void setTaggerBatchSize(value)
+                                    .catch((error: unknown) => setTaggerQueueStatus(String(error)))
+                                    .finally(() => {
+                                      setTaggerBatchSizeDraft(null);
+                                      setTaggerBatchSizeSaving(false);
+                                    });
+                                } else {
+                                  setTaggerBatchSizeDraft(null);
+                                }
+                              }}
+                            />
+                            <p className="text-[11px] text-gray-600">{taggerBatchSizeSaving ? "Saving..." : "Default: 8"}</p>
+                          </div>
+                        </SettingsRow>
+
+                        <div>
+                          <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400">Model location</p>
+                          <p className="mt-2 break-all rounded-md border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 px-3 py-2 text-xs text-gray-600">
+                            {taggerReady ? taggerModelStatus?.local_dir : "Not downloaded"}
+                          </p>
+                          {taggerModelProgress?.current_file ? <p className="mt-3 break-all text-xs text-gray-500">{taggerModelProgress.current_file}</p> : null}
+                          {taggerModelError ? <p className="mt-3 text-xs text-amber-300">{taggerModelError}</p> : null}
+                          {taggerRuntimeProbe ? (
+                            <div className="mt-4 rounded-lg border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 px-3 py-3">
+                              <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
+                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400">Runtime check</p>
+                                <StatusPill tone="ready">Ready</StatusPill>
+                              </div>
+                              <p className="mt-2 text-xs text-gray-600">Tagger acceleration: {taggerRuntimeProbe.acceleration}</p>
+                              <p className="mt-2 break-all text-xs text-gray-500">{taggerRuntimeProbe.session.file}</p>
+                            </div>
+                          ) : null}
+                        </div>
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
+                  </SettingsCard>
+
+                  <SettingsCard title="Queue Targets" description="Choose which folders to include when queuing tagging jobs.">
+                    <SettingsRow title="Target scope" description="Queue across the full library, or choose a specific folder set and keep the modal open while you work through it.">
+                      <div className="flex rounded-lg border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-1">
+                        <ScopeButton scope="all" current={taggingQueueScope} onSelect={setTaggingQueueScope}>All media</ScopeButton>
+                        <ScopeButton scope="selected" current={taggingQueueScope} onSelect={setTaggingQueueScope}>Selected folders</ScopeButton>
+                      </div>
+                    </SettingsRow>
+
+                    <div className="border-b border-white/[0.07] py-4">
+                      <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
+                        <div>
+                          <p className="text-sm font-medium text-white">Folder selection</p>
+                          <p className="mt-1 text-xs leading-relaxed text-gray-500">Current target: {queueScopeLabel}.</p>
+                        </div>
+                        <div className="flex gap-2">
+                          <button
+                            className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.045] px-2.5 py-1 text-[11px] text-gray-400 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.075] hover:text-white disabled:opacity-40"
+                            onClick={() => setTaggingQueueFolderIds(folders.map((folder) => folder.id))}
+                            disabled={folders.length === 0}
+                          >
+                            Select all
+                          </button>
+                          <button
+                            className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.045] px-2.5 py-1 text-[11px] text-gray-400 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.075] hover:text-white disabled:opacity-40"
+                            onClick={() => setTaggingQueueFolderIds([])}
+                            disabled={taggingQueueFolderIds.length === 0}
+                          >
+                            Clear
+                          </button>
+                        </div>
+                      </div>
+
+                      <div className={`mt-4 grid max-h-64 gap-2 overflow-y-auto pr-1 ${taggingQueueScope === "selected" ? "opacity-100" : "opacity-60"}`}>
+                        {folders.map((folder) => {
+                          const active = taggingQueueFolderIds.includes(folder.id);
+                          const progress = mediaJobProgress[folder.id];
+                          return (
+                            <button
+                              key={folder.id}
+                              type="button"
+                              className={`flex items-center justify-between rounded-xl border px-3 py-2 text-left transition-colors ${
+                                active
+                                  ? "border-emerald-400/30 bg-emerald-500/10 text-white"
+                                  : "border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 text-gray-300 hover:border-white/15 hover:bg-white/[0.04]"
+                              }`}
+                              onClick={() => toggleTaggingQueueFolder(folder.id)}
+                            >
+                              <div>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium">{folder.name}</p>
+                                <p className="mt-1 text-[11px] text-gray-500">{folder.image_count.toLocaleString()} items</p>
+                              </div>
+                              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                                {(progress?.tagging_pending ?? 0) > 0 ? <StatusPill tone="busy">{progress?.tagging_pending} queued</StatusPill> : null}
+                                <span className={`h-4 w-4 rounded-full border ${active ? "border-emerald-300 bg-emerald-300" : "border-white/15 bg-transparent"}`} />
+                              </div>
+                            </button>
+                          );
+                        })}
+                        {folders.length === 0 ? <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Add a folder first to enable targeted tagging queues.</p> : null}
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
+
+                    <SettingsRow title="Queue tagging jobs" description="Generate missing AI tags for the current target. Results flow back into the library as the background worker finishes.">
+                      <div className="flex flex-col items-end gap-2">
+                        <button
+                          className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.055] px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-300 transition-colors hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45"
+                          onClick={() => runQueueAction("queue")}
+                          disabled={!taggerReady || taggerQueueing || taggerClearing || (taggingQueueScope === "selected" && taggingQueueFolderIds.length === 0)}
+                        >
+                          {taggerQueueing ? "Queueing..." : "Queue tagging"}
+                        </button>
+                        <button
+                          className="rounded-md border border-amber-400/20 bg-amber-500/10 px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-amber-200 transition-colors hover:bg-amber-500/15 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45"
+                          onClick={() => runQueueAction("clear")}
+                          disabled={taggerQueueing || taggerClearing || (taggingQueueScope === "selected" && taggingQueueFolderIds.length === 0)}
+                        >
+                          {taggerClearing ? "Clearing..." : "Clear queued jobs"}
+                        </button>
+                      </div>
+                    </SettingsRow>
+
+                    {taggerQueueStatus ? <p className="pt-4 text-xs text-gray-500">{taggerQueueStatus}</p> : null}
+                  </SettingsCard>
+
+                  <SettingsCard title="Captioning">
+                    <div className="rounded-xl border border-dashed border-white/[0.09] bg-black/20 px-4 py-4">
+                      <p className="text-sm font-medium text-white/50">Coming soon</p>
+                    </div>
+                  </SettingsCard>
+                </SectionShell>
+              </div>
+            ) : (
+              <div className="space-y-8">
+                <SectionShell
+                  eyebrow="Workers"
+                  title="Background processing"
+                >
+                  <SettingsCard title="Queue summary" description="Live totals across all folder workers.">
+                    <div className="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-3">
+                      <div className="rounded-xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-4">
+                        <p className="text-[11px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-gray-600">Tagging queued</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-2xl font-semibold text-white">{totalQueuedJobs.toLocaleString()}</p>
+                      </div>
+                      <div className="rounded-xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-4">
+                        <p className="text-[11px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-gray-600">Selected folders</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-2xl font-semibold text-white">{selectedFolders.length.toLocaleString()}</p>
+                      </div>
+                      <div className="rounded-xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-4">
+                        <p className="text-[11px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-gray-600">Library folders</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-2xl font-semibold text-white">{folders.length.toLocaleString()}</p>
+                      </div>
+                    </div>
+                  </SettingsCard>
+
+                  <SettingsCard title="Worker controls" description="Pause, resume, retry, and per-folder failure details are available in the background tasks panel.">
+                    <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4 rounded-xl border border-white/[0.07] bg-black/20 p-4">
+                      <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">Workers are running in the background.</p>
+                      <StatusPill tone="ready">Live</StatusPill>
+                    </div>
+                  </SettingsCard>
+                </SectionShell>
+              </div>
+            )}
+          </div>
+        </main>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

src/components/Sidebar.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,73 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { open } from "@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog";
 import { useGalleryStore, Folder, IndexProgress } from "../store";
 
+interface ContextMenuState {
+  folderId: number;
+  x: number;
+  y: number;
+}
+
+function FolderContextMenu({
+  menu,
+  folder,
+  onClose,
+  onRename,
+  onReindex,
+  onLocate,
+  onRemove,
+}: {
+  menu: ContextMenuState;
+  folder: Folder;
+  onClose: () => void;
+  onRename: () => void;
+  onReindex: () => void;
+  onLocate: () => void;
+  onRemove: () => void;
+}) {
+  const ref = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const handleDown = (e: MouseEvent) => {
+      if (ref.current && !ref.current.contains(e.target as Node)) onClose();
+    };
+    const handleKey = (e: KeyboardEvent) => { if (e.key === "Escape") onClose(); };
+    document.addEventListener("mousedown", handleDown);
+    document.addEventListener("keydown", handleKey);
+    return () => {
+      document.removeEventListener("mousedown", handleDown);
+      document.removeEventListener("keydown", handleKey);
+    };
+  }, [onClose]);
+
+  const item = (label: string, onClick: () => void, danger = false) => (
+    <button
+      className={`w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] rounded-md transition-colors ${
+        danger
+          ? "text-red-400 hover:bg-red-500/15 hover:text-red-300"
+          : "text-gray-300 hover:bg-white/8 hover:text-white"
+      }`}
+      onClick={() => { onClick(); onClose(); }}
+    >
+      {label}
+    </button>
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      ref={ref}
+      className="fixed z-50 min-w-[160px] py-1 px-1 rounded-lg bg-gray-900 border border-white/10 shadow-xl shadow-black/50"
+      style={{ left: menu.x, top: menu.y }}
+    >
+      {item("Reindex", onReindex)}
+      {item("Rename", onRename)}
+      {folder.scan_error && item("Locate Folder", onLocate)}
+      <div className="my-1 border-t border-white/[0.06]" />
+      {item("Remove from app", onRemove, true)}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 function FolderItem({
   folder,
   selected,
@@ -10,27 +77,93 @@ function FolderItem({
   selected: boolean;
   progress: IndexProgress | undefined;
 }) {
-  const { selectFolder, removeFolder, reindexFolder } = useGalleryStore();
+  const { selectFolder, removeFolder, reindexFolder, renameFolder, updateFolderPath } = useGalleryStore();
   const isIndexing = progress && !progress.done;
+  const isMissing = !!folder.scan_error && !isIndexing;
+
+  const [contextMenu, setContextMenu] = useState<ContextMenuState | null>(null);
+  const [renaming, setRenaming] = useState(false);
+  const [renameValue, setRenameValue] = useState(folder.name);
+  const [confirmingRemoval, setConfirmingRemoval] = useState(false);
+  const renameInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (renaming) {
+      setRenameValue(folder.name);
+      setTimeout(() => renameInputRef.current?.select(), 0);
+    }
+  }, [renaming, folder.name]);
+
+  const handleContextMenu = (e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    e.stopPropagation();
+    // Keep menu inside viewport
+    const x = Math.min(e.clientX, window.innerWidth - 180);
+    const y = Math.min(e.clientY, window.innerHeight - 160);
+    setContextMenu({ folderId: folder.id, x, y });
+  };
+
+  const handleLocateFolder = async () => {
+    const picked = await open({ directory: true, multiple: false, title: `Locate "${folder.name}"` });
+    if (picked && typeof picked === "string") {
+      await updateFolderPath(folder.id, picked);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const commitRename = async () => {
+    const trimmed = renameValue.trim();
+    if (trimmed && trimmed !== folder.name) {
+      await renameFolder(folder.id, trimmed);
+    }
+    setRenaming(false);
+  };
+
+  const handleRenameKey = (e: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
+    if (e.key === "Enter") { e.preventDefault(); void commitRename(); }
+    if (e.key === "Escape") { setRenaming(false); }
+  };
 
   return (
+    <>
       <div
         className={`group relative flex items-center gap-2.5 px-3 py-2 rounded-lg cursor-pointer transition-all duration-150 ${
           selected
             ? "bg-white/8 text-white"
             : "text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-white/5"
         }`}
-      onClick={() => selectFolder(folder.id)}
+        onClick={() => !renaming && selectFolder(folder.id)}
+        onContextMenu={handleContextMenu}
       >
+        {isMissing ? (
+          <span className="shrink-0 text-amber-400">
+            <svg className="w-3.5 h-3.5" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+              <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.5}
+                d="M12 9v3.75m-9.303 3.376c-.866 1.5.217 3.374 1.948 3.374h14.71c1.73 0 2.813-1.874 1.948-3.374L13.949 3.378c-.866-1.5-3.032-1.5-3.898 0L2.697 16.126zM12 15.75h.007v.008H12v-.008z" />
+            </svg>
+          </span>
+        ) : (
           <svg className="w-3.5 h-3.5 shrink-0" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
             <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.5}
               d="M3 7a2 2 0 012-2h3.586a1 1 0 01.707.293l1.414 1.414A1 1 0 0011.414 7H19a2 2 0 012 2v9a2 2 0 01-2 2H5a2 2 0 01-2-2V7z" />
           </svg>
+        )}
 
         <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+          {renaming ? (
+            <input
+              ref={renameInputRef}
+              className="w-full bg-white/10 text-white text-[13px] font-medium rounded px-1 py-0 outline-none ring-1 ring-blue-500/60 leading-tight"
+              value={renameValue}
+              onChange={(e) => setRenameValue(e.target.value)}
+              onKeyDown={handleRenameKey}
+              onBlur={() => void commitRename()}
+              onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+            />
+          ) : (
             <div className={`truncate text-[13px] font-medium leading-tight ${selected ? "text-white" : ""}`}>
               {folder.name}
             </div>
+          )}
           {isIndexing ? (
             <>
               <div className="text-[11px] text-gray-600 mt-0.5">{progress.indexed}/{progress.total}</div>
@@ -46,28 +179,85 @@ function FolderItem({
           )}
         </div>
 
-      <div className="flex gap-0.5 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 transition-opacity shrink-0">
+        {/* Hover action buttons */}
+        {!renaming && (
+          confirmingRemoval ? (
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0" onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}>
               <button
-          className="p-1 rounded-md hover:bg-white/10 text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-200"
+                className="px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] rounded bg-red-500/20 text-red-400 hover:bg-red-500/30 hover:text-red-300 transition-colors"
-          title="Re-index"
+                onClick={() => { void removeFolder(folder.id); setConfirmingRemoval(false); }}
-          onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); reindexFolder(folder.id); }}
+              >
+                Confirm
+              </button>
+              <button
+                className="px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] rounded bg-white/5 text-gray-500 hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-gray-300 transition-colors"
+                onClick={() => setConfirmingRemoval(false)}
+              >
+                Cancel
+              </button>
+            </div>
+          ) : (
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-0.5 shrink-0 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 transition-opacity">
+              <button
+                className="p-1 rounded text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-white/8 transition-colors"
+                title="Reindex"
+                onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); void reindexFolder(folder.id); }}
               >
                 <svg className="w-3 h-3" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
-            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2}
+                  <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.75}
                     d="M4 4v5h.582m15.356 2A8.001 8.001 0 004.582 9m0 0H9m11 11v-5h-.581m0 0a8.003 8.003 0 01-15.357-2m15.357 2H15" />
                 </svg>
               </button>
               <button
-          className="p-1 rounded-md hover:bg-red-500/15 text-gray-500 hover:text-red-400"
+                className="p-1 rounded text-gray-600 hover:text-red-400 hover:bg-red-500/10 transition-colors"
-          title="Remove folder"
+                title="Remove from app"
-          onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); removeFolder(folder.id); }}
+                onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); setConfirmingRemoval(true); }}
               >
                 <svg className="w-3 h-3" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
-            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
+                  <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.75}
+                    d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
                 </svg>
               </button>
             </div>
+          )
+        )}
       </div>
+
+      {isMissing && (
+        <div className="mx-2 mb-1 px-3 py-2 rounded-lg bg-amber-500/10 border border-amber-500/20">
+          <p className="text-[11px] text-amber-400 font-medium mb-1.5">Folder not found</p>
+          <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-500 mb-2 leading-snug">
+            This folder may have been moved or renamed. Locate it to resume, or remove it from the app.
+          </p>
+          <div className="flex gap-1.5">
+            <button
+              className="flex-1 px-2 py-1 rounded-md text-[10px] font-medium bg-amber-500/20 text-amber-300 hover:bg-amber-500/30 hover:text-amber-200 transition-colors"
+              onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); void handleLocateFolder(); }}
+            >
+              Locate Folder
+            </button>
+            <button
+              className="flex-1 px-2 py-1 rounded-md text-[10px] font-medium bg-white/5 text-gray-400 hover:bg-red-500/15 hover:text-red-400 transition-colors"
+              onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); setConfirmingRemoval(true); }}
+            >
+              Remove
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {contextMenu && contextMenu.folderId === folder.id && (
+        <FolderContextMenu
+          menu={contextMenu}
+          folder={folder}
+          onClose={() => setContextMenu(null)}
+          onRename={() => setRenaming(true)}
+          onReindex={() => void reindexFolder(folder.id)}
+          onLocate={() => void handleLocateFolder()}
+          onRemove={() => setConfirmingRemoval(true)}
+        />
+      )}
+    </>
   );
 }
 
@@ -138,6 +328,23 @@ export function Sidebar() {
             Explore
           </span>
         </div>
+
+        <div
+          className={`flex items-center gap-2.5 px-3 py-2 rounded-lg cursor-pointer transition-all duration-150 ${
+            activeView === "duplicates"
+              ? "bg-white/8 text-white"
+              : "text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-white/5"
+          }`}
+          onClick={() => setView("duplicates")}
+        >
+          <svg className="w-3.5 h-3.5 shrink-0" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.5}
+              d="M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z" />
+          </svg>
+          <span className={`text-[13px] font-medium ${activeView === "duplicates" ? "text-white" : ""}`}>
+            Duplicates
+          </span>
+        </div>
       </div>
 
       {/* Section label */}

src/components/TagCloud.tsx

@@ -1,242 +1,374 @@
-import { useEffect } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { motion } from "framer-motion";
 import { convertFileSrc } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
-import { useGalleryStore, TagCloudEntry } from "../store";
+import { ExploreTagEntry, TagCloudEntry, useGalleryStore } from "../store";
 
-// Accent glow colours for the hover ring — cycled by index
+const ACCENTS = [
-const GLOWS: string[] = [
+  "#60a5fa",
-  "rgba(59,130,246,0.5)",
+  "#c084fc",
-  "rgba(168,85,247,0.5)",
+  "#4ade80",
-  "rgba(16,185,129,0.5)",
+  "#fbbf24",
-  "rgba(245,158,11,0.5)",
+  "#f472b4",
-  "rgba(236,72,153,0.5)",
+  "#2dd4bf",
-  "rgba(6,182,212,0.5)",
+  "#fb923c",
-  "rgba(249,115,22,0.5)",
+  "#a78bfa",
-  "rgba(34,197,94,0.5)",
+  "#34d399",
+  "#f87171",
 ];
 
-function pseudoRandom(seed: number): number {
+const GOLDEN_ANGLE = Math.PI * (3 - Math.sqrt(5));
-  const x = Math.sin(seed + 1) * 10000;
+
+function seeded(n: number): number {
+  const x = Math.sin(n * 9301 + 49297) * 233280;
   return x - Math.floor(x);
 }
 
-// Map cluster size to a tile size bucket (px)
+interface PlacedNode {
-function getTileSize(count: number, maxCount: number): number {
-  if (maxCount === 0) return 72;
-  const ratio = count / maxCount;
-  if (ratio > 0.75) return 160;
-  if (ratio > 0.45) return 128;
-  if (ratio > 0.22) return 104;
-  if (ratio > 0.08) return 88;
-  return 72;
-}
-
-function TagButton({
-  entry,
-  index,
-  maxCount,
-  onSearch,
-}: {
   entry: TagCloudEntry;
   index: number;
-  maxCount: number;
+  x: number;
-  onSearch: (imageId: number) => void;
+  y: number;
-}) {
+  w: number;
-  const size = getTileSize(entry.count, maxCount);
+  h: number;
-  const glow = GLOWS[index % GLOWS.length];
+  accent: string;
+  driftX: number;
+  driftY: number;
+  driftDuration: number;
+  rotateSeed: number;
+}
 
-  // Small random rotation for organic feel — larger tiles stay flatter
+function buildCloud(entries: TagCloudEntry[], containerW: number, containerH: number): PlacedNode[] {
-  const maxRot = size >= 128 ? 0 : size >= 104 ? 3 : size >= 88 ? 6 : 10;
+  if (!entries.length || containerW <= 0 || containerH <= 0) return [];
-  const rotation = (pseudoRandom(index * 7) - 0.5) * 2 * maxRot;
 
-  const mt = Math.floor(pseudoRandom(index * 3) * 10) + 4;
+  const maxCount = Math.max(...entries.map((e) => e.count));
-  const mr = Math.floor(pseudoRandom(index * 5) * 12) + 4;
+  const cx = containerW / 2;
-  const mb = Math.floor(pseudoRandom(index * 11) * 10) + 4;
+  const cy = containerH / 2;
-  const ml = Math.floor(pseudoRandom(index * 13) * 12) + 4;
+  // Spread ellipse shrinks slightly to leave room for card half-widths at the edges
+  const spreadX = containerW * 0.42;
+  const spreadY = containerH * 0.36;
+  const n = entries.length;
 
-  const src = entry.thumbnail_path ? convertFileSrc(entry.thumbnail_path) : null;
+  // 1. Build initial positions using phyllotaxis spiral
+  const nodes: PlacedNode[] = entries.map((entry, i) => {
+    const ratio = Math.max(entry.count / maxCount, 0.08);
+    // Cards scale from 110px to 230px wide; height is 3/4 of width
+    const w = 110 + Math.sqrt(ratio) * 120;
+    const h = w * 0.75;
+    const radialRatio = Math.sqrt((i + 0.5) / n);
+    const angle = i * GOLDEN_ANGLE;
+
+    return {
+      entry,
+      index: i,
+      x: cx + Math.cos(angle) * radialRatio * spreadX,
+      y: cy + Math.sin(angle) * radialRatio * spreadY,
+      w,
+      h,
+      accent: ACCENTS[i % ACCENTS.length],
+      driftX: (seeded(i + 11) - 0.5) * 18,
+      driftY: (seeded(i + 17) - 0.5) * 14,
+      driftDuration: 8 + seeded(i + 23) * 7,
+      rotateSeed: (seeded(i + 31) - 0.5) * 4,
+    };
+  });
+
+  // 2. Iterative overlap resolution — no physics, just push apart
+  const PAD = 24;
+  for (let iter = 0; iter < 80; iter++) {
+    for (let a = 0; a < nodes.length; a++) {
+      const na = nodes[a];
+      for (let b = a + 1; b < nodes.length; b++) {
+        const nb = nodes[b];
+        const dx = nb.x - na.x;
+        const dy = nb.y - na.y;
+        const overlapX = (na.w + nb.w) / 2 + PAD - Math.abs(dx);
+        const overlapY = (na.h + nb.h) / 2 + PAD - Math.abs(dy);
+        if (overlapX <= 0 || overlapY <= 0) continue;
+        // Push along the smaller overlap axis
+        if (overlapX < overlapY) {
+          const push = overlapX * 0.5 * (dx >= 0 ? 1 : -1);
+          nb.x += push;
+          na.x -= push;
+        } else {
+          const push = overlapY * 0.5 * (dy >= 0 ? 1 : -1);
+          nb.y += push;
+          na.y -= push;
+        }
+      }
+      // Pull gently back toward anchor to prevent runaway drift
+      na.x += (cx + Math.cos(na.index * GOLDEN_ANGLE) * Math.sqrt((na.index + 0.5) / n) * spreadX - na.x) * 0.05;
+      na.y += (cy + Math.sin(na.index * GOLDEN_ANGLE) * Math.sqrt((na.index + 0.5) / n) * spreadY - na.y) * 0.05;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 3. Clamp so cards never poke outside the container
+  return nodes.map((node) => ({
+    ...node,
+    x: Math.min(Math.max(node.x, node.w / 2 + 16), containerW - node.w / 2 - 16),
+    y: Math.min(Math.max(node.y, node.h / 2 + 16), containerH - node.h / 2 - 16),
+  }));
+}
+
+function CloudCard({ node, onOpen }: { node: PlacedNode; onOpen: (imageIds: number[]) => void }) {
+  const src = node.entry.thumbnail_path ? convertFileSrc(node.entry.thumbnail_path) : null;
+  const { w, h, accent } = node;
 
   return (
     <motion.button
-      initial={{ opacity: 0, scale: 0.5, rotate: rotation * 2 }}
+      className="group absolute overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-white/8 bg-white/[0.04] text-left shadow-[0_8px_40px_rgba(0,0,0,0.5)] focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-white/30"
-      animate={{ opacity: 1, scale: 1, rotate: rotation }}
+      style={{ width: w, height: h, left: node.x - w / 2, top: node.y - h / 2 }}
+      initial={{ opacity: 0, scale: 0.75 }}
+      animate={{
+        opacity: 1,
+        scale: 1,
+        x: [0, node.driftX, 0],
+        y: [0, node.driftY, 0],
+        rotate: [node.rotateSeed, node.rotateSeed + 1.4, node.rotateSeed],
+      }}
       transition={{
-        delay: index * 0.025,
+        opacity: { duration: 0.3, delay: Math.min(node.index * 0.035, 0.7) },
-        type: "spring",
+        scale:   { duration: 0.3, delay: Math.min(node.index * 0.035, 0.7) },
-        stiffness: 200,
+        x:       { duration: node.driftDuration, repeat: Infinity, ease: "easeInOut", delay: seeded(node.index + 41) * 3 },
-        damping: 18,
+        y:       { duration: node.driftDuration + 1.6, repeat: Infinity, ease: "easeInOut", delay: seeded(node.index + 51) * 3 },
-      }}
+        rotate:  { duration: node.driftDuration + 0.9, repeat: Infinity, ease: "easeInOut" },
-      whileHover={{
-        scale: 1.12,
-        rotate: 0,
-        transition: { type: "spring", stiffness: 400, damping: 22 },
-      }}
-      whileTap={{ scale: 0.92 }}
-      onClick={() => onSearch(entry.representative_image_id)}
-      title={`${entry.count} similar ${entry.count === 1 ? "photo" : "photos"}`}
-      style={{
-        width: size,
-        height: size,
-        margin: `${mt}px ${mr}px ${mb}px ${ml}px`,
-        borderRadius: 12,
-        border: "2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08)",
-        background: "rgba(255,255,255,0.04)",
-        cursor: "pointer",
-        padding: 0,
-        overflow: "hidden",
-        position: "relative",
-        flexShrink: 0,
-        boxShadow: "none",
-        transition: "border-color 0.15s, box-shadow 0.15s",
-      }}
-      onMouseEnter={(e) => {
-        const el = e.currentTarget;
-        el.style.borderColor = glow;
-        el.style.boxShadow = `0 0 16px ${glow}, 0 0 32px ${glow.replace("0.5", "0.25")}`;
-      }}
-      onMouseLeave={(e) => {
-        const el = e.currentTarget;
-        el.style.borderColor = "rgba(255,255,255,0.08)";
-        el.style.boxShadow = "none";
       }}
+      whileHover={{ scale: 1.06, rotate: 0, transition: { duration: 0.18 } }}
+      onClick={() => onOpen(node.entry.image_ids)}
+      title={`Open cluster — ${node.entry.count.toLocaleString()} images`}
     >
       {src ? (
         <img
           src={src}
           alt=""
+          className="absolute inset-0 h-full w-full object-cover transition-transform duration-500 group-hover:scale-105"
           draggable={false}
-          style={{
-            width: "100%",
-            height: "100%",
-            objectFit: "cover",
-            display: "block",
-          }}
         />
       ) : (
-        // Fallback placeholder when no thumbnail exists yet
+        <div className="absolute inset-0 bg-gradient-to-br from-white/[0.07] to-transparent" />
-        <div
-          style={{
-            width: "100%",
-            height: "100%",
-            background: "rgba(255,255,255,0.06)",
-          }}
-        />
       )}
-
+      <div className="absolute inset-0 bg-gradient-to-t from-black/85 via-black/20 to-transparent" />
-      {/* Count badge — bottom-right corner */}
+      {/* Accent glow on hover */}
       <div
-        style={{
+        className="absolute inset-0 opacity-0 transition-opacity duration-300 group-hover:opacity-100"
-          position: "absolute",
+        style={{ background: `radial-gradient(ellipse at bottom, ${accent}25, transparent 70%)` }}
-          bottom: 5,
+      />
-          right: 5,
+      <div className="absolute inset-x-0 bottom-0 p-3">
-          background: "rgba(0,0,0,0.6)",
+        <div className="mb-2 h-px rounded-full" style={{ background: `linear-gradient(to right, ${accent}80, transparent)` }} />
-          color: "rgba(255,255,255,0.85)",
+        <div className="flex items-end justify-between gap-2">
-          fontSize: 10,
+          <div>
-          fontWeight: 600,
+            <p className="text-[9px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-white/35">Cluster</p>
-          lineHeight: 1,
+            <p className="text-base font-semibold leading-none text-white">{node.entry.count.toLocaleString()}</p>
-          padding: "3px 6px",
+          </div>
-          borderRadius: 6,
+          <span
-          backdropFilter: "blur(4px)",
+            className="rounded-full border px-2 py-0.5 text-[9px] uppercase tracking-[0.1em] opacity-0 transition-opacity duration-200 group-hover:opacity-100"
-          pointerEvents: "none",
+            style={{ borderColor: `${accent}50`, color: accent, backgroundColor: `${accent}12` }}
-        }}
           >
-        {entry.count}
+            Open
+          </span>
+        </div>
       </div>
     </motion.button>
   );
 }
 
+// Actual tag cloud — word size driven by log-scaled frequency
+function TagWord({
+  entry,
+  index,
+  logMin,
+  logRange,
+  onSearch,
+}: {
+  entry: ExploreTagEntry;
+  index: number;
+  logMin: number;
+  logRange: number;
+  onSearch: (tag: string) => void;
+}) {
+  const ratio = logRange > 0 ? (Math.log(Math.max(entry.count, 1)) - logMin) / logRange : 0.5;
+  const fontSize = 11 + ratio * 28; // 11px – 39px
+  const accent = ACCENTS[index % ACCENTS.length];
+  const tilt = (seeded(index + 5) - 0.5) * 7;
+
+  return (
+    <motion.button
+      initial={{ opacity: 0, scale: 0.6 }}
+      animate={{ opacity: 0.4 + ratio * 0.6, scale: 1 }}
+      transition={{ delay: Math.min(index * 0.008, 0.55), duration: 0.22 }}
+      whileHover={{ scale: 1.2, opacity: 1, rotate: 0, transition: { duration: 0.14 } }}
+      className="group inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full px-2 py-1 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.07]"
+      style={{ fontSize, rotate: tilt }}
+      onClick={() => onSearch(entry.tag)}
+      title={`${entry.tag} — ${entry.count.toLocaleString()} images`}
+    >
+      <span
+        className="font-medium leading-none"
+        style={{ color: ratio > 0.55 ? accent : "rgba(255,255,255,0.82)" }}
+      >
+        {entry.tag}
+      </span>
+      <span
+        className="rounded-full px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] tabular-nums opacity-0 transition-opacity group-hover:opacity-100"
+        style={{ backgroundColor: `${accent}22`, color: accent }}
+      >
+        {entry.count.toLocaleString()}
+      </span>
+    </motion.button>
+  );
+}
+
+function Spinner() {
+  return (
+    <motion.div
+      className="h-5 w-5 rounded-full border-2 border-white/15 border-t-white/50"
+      animate={{ rotate: 360 }}
+      transition={{ duration: 0.85, repeat: Infinity, ease: "linear" }}
+    />
+  );
+}
+
+// Separate component so its useLayoutEffect fires when the canvas is actually
+// mounted — not at TagCloud mount time when the container may still be hidden
+// behind a loading state.
+function ClusterCloud({
+  entries,
+  onOpen,
+}: {
+  entries: TagCloudEntry[];
+  onOpen: (imageIds: number[]) => void;
+}) {
+  const canvasRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const [canvasSize, setCanvasSize] = useState({ w: 0, h: 0 });
+
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    const el = canvasRef.current;
+    if (!el) return;
+    const update = () => {
+      const r = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+      setCanvasSize({ w: r.width, h: r.height });
+    };
+    update();
+    const ro = new ResizeObserver(update);
+    ro.observe(el);
+    return () => ro.disconnect();
+  }, []);
+
+  const nodes = useMemo(
+    () => buildCloud(entries, canvasSize.w, canvasSize.h),
+    [entries, canvasSize.w, canvasSize.h],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <div ref={canvasRef} className="relative min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-hidden">
+      <div className="pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 opacity-[0.07] [background-image:radial-gradient(circle,rgba(255,255,255,0.6)_1px,transparent_1px)] [background-size:28px_28px]" />
+      {nodes.map((node) => (
+        <CloudCard key={`${node.entry.representative_image_id}:${node.index}`} node={node} onOpen={onOpen} />
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 export function TagCloud() {
+  const exploreMode = useGalleryStore((state) => state.exploreMode);
+  const setExploreMode = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setExploreMode);
   const tagCloudEntries = useGalleryStore((state) => state.tagCloudEntries);
   const tagCloudLoading = useGalleryStore((state) => state.tagCloudLoading);
   const loadTagCloud = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadTagCloud);
-  const searchByTag = useGalleryStore((state) => state.searchByTag);
+  const exploreTagEntries = useGalleryStore((state) => state.exploreTagEntries);
+  const exploreTagLoading = useGalleryStore((state) => state.exploreTagLoading);
+  const loadExploreTags = useGalleryStore((state) => state.loadExploreTags);
+  const showVisualCluster = useGalleryStore((state) => state.showVisualCluster);
+  const searchForTag = useGalleryStore((state) => state.searchForTag);
   const selectedFolderId = useGalleryStore((state) => state.selectedFolderId);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    void loadTagCloud();
+    if (exploreMode === "visual") void loadTagCloud();
-  }, [selectedFolderId]);
+    else void loadExploreTags();
+  }, [exploreMode, selectedFolderId, loadTagCloud, loadExploreTags]);
 
-  const maxCount =
+  const { logMin, logRange } = useMemo(() => {
-    tagCloudEntries.length > 0
+    if (!exploreTagEntries.length) return { logMin: 0, logRange: 1 };
-      ? Math.max(...tagCloudEntries.map((e) => e.count))
+    const logs = exploreTagEntries.map((e) => Math.log(Math.max(e.count, 1)));
-      : 1;
+    const lo = Math.min(...logs);
+    const hi = Math.max(...logs);
+    return { logMin: lo, logRange: hi - lo || 1 };
+  }, [exploreTagEntries]);
+
+  const loading = exploreMode === "visual" ? tagCloudLoading : exploreTagLoading;
+  const hasEntries = exploreMode === "visual" ? tagCloudEntries.length > 0 : exploreTagEntries.length > 0;
+  const entryCount = exploreMode === "visual" ? tagCloudEntries.length : exploreTagEntries.length;
 
   return (
-    <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center min-h-0 overflow-y-auto">
+    <div className="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col overflow-hidden bg-[radial-gradient(ellipse_at_top,rgba(59,130,246,0.08),transparent_50%),radial-gradient(ellipse_at_80%_75%,rgba(168,85,247,0.07),transparent_40%),#07080f]">
       {/* Header */}
-      <motion.div
+      <div className="shrink-0 border-b border-white/[0.05] px-6 py-4">
-        className="text-center pt-14 pb-8 shrink-0"
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
-        initial={{ opacity: 0, y: -10 }}
+          <div className="min-w-0">
-        animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
+            <h2 className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-white">Explore</h2>
-        transition={{ duration: 0.35 }}
+            <p className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[11px] text-white/30">
-      >
+              {loading
-        <h2 className="text-[22px] font-semibold text-white/70 tracking-tight mb-2">
+                ? exploreMode === "visual" ? "Computing visual clusters…" : "Loading tags…"
-          Explore your library
+                : hasEntries
-        </h2>
+                  ? exploreMode === "visual"
-        <p className="text-[13px] text-white/25">
+                    ? `${entryCount} cluster${entryCount !== 1 ? "s" : ""} — click any to open`
-          Visual clusters from your photos — sized by how many match
+                    : `${entryCount} tag${entryCount !== 1 ? "s" : ""} — click any to search`
-        </p>
+                  : exploreMode === "visual"
-      </motion.div>
+                    ? "No clusters — images need embeddings first"
-
+                    : "No tags — run the AI tagger or add tags manually"}
-      {/* Loading */}
-      {tagCloudLoading && (
-        <div className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-4">
-          <motion.svg
-            className="w-8 h-8 text-white/20"
-            viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-            fill="none"
-            animate={{ rotate: 360 }}
-            transition={{ duration: 1, repeat: Infinity, ease: "linear" }}
-          >
-            <circle
-              cx="12"
-              cy="12"
-              r="10"
-              stroke="currentColor"
-              strokeWidth="2"
-              strokeOpacity="0.2"
-            />
-            <path
-              d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8"
-              stroke="currentColor"
-              strokeWidth="2"
-              strokeLinecap="round"
-            />
-          </motion.svg>
-          <p className="text-[12px] text-white/20">Clustering your library…</p>
-        </div>
-      )}
-
-      {/* Empty state */}
-      {!tagCloudLoading && tagCloudEntries.length === 0 && (
-        <div className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center">
-          <p className="text-[13px] text-white/25 text-center max-w-xs leading-relaxed">
-            No embeddings yet. Add a folder and wait for the embedding worker to
-            finish, then come back here.
             </p>
           </div>
-      )}
+          <div className="flex shrink-0 rounded-lg border border-white/8 bg-white/[0.03] p-0.5">
+            <button
+              className={`rounded-md px-3 py-1.5 text-xs transition-colors ${
+                exploreMode === "visual" ? "bg-white/10 text-white" : "text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-300"
+              }`}
+              onClick={() => setExploreMode("visual")}
+            >
+              Clusters
+            </button>
+            <button
+              className={`rounded-md px-3 py-1.5 text-xs transition-colors ${
+                exploreMode === "tags" ? "bg-white/10 text-white" : "text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-300"
+              }`}
+              onClick={() => setExploreMode("tags")}
+            >
+              Tag Cloud
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
 
-      {/* Cluster grid */}
+      {loading ? (
-      {!tagCloudLoading && tagCloudEntries.length > 0 && (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-3 text-white/25">
-        <div className="flex flex-wrap justify-center px-12 pb-16 max-w-5xl w-full">
+          <Spinner />
-          {tagCloudEntries.map((entry, index) => (
+          <span className="text-sm">{exploreMode === "visual" ? "Computing clusters…" : "Loading tags…"}</span>
-            <TagButton
+        </div>
-              key={entry.representative_image_id}
+      ) : !hasEntries ? (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center px-8">
+          <p className="max-w-xs text-center text-sm leading-relaxed text-white/25">
+            {exploreMode === "visual"
+              ? "No visual clusters yet. Images need embeddings before they can be grouped. Check indexing progress in the sidebar."
+              : "No tags yet. Run the AI tagger from Settings, or add tags manually in the image preview."}
+          </p>
+        </div>
+      ) : exploreMode === "visual" ? (
+        <ClusterCloud entries={tagCloudEntries} onOpen={showVisualCluster} />
+      ) : (
+        /* Tag cloud — words sized by log-scaled frequency, wrapped freely */
+        <div className="overflow-y-auto px-8 py-8">
+          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-center gap-x-0.5 gap-y-1 leading-none">
+            {exploreTagEntries.map((entry, index) => (
+              <TagWord
+                key={entry.tag}
                 entry={entry}
                 index={index}
-              maxCount={maxCount}
+                logMin={logMin}
-              onSearch={searchByTag}
+                logRange={logRange}
+                onSearch={searchForTag}
               />
             ))}
           </div>
-      )}
+        </div>
-
-      {!tagCloudLoading && tagCloudEntries.length > 0 && (
-        <p className="shrink-0 pb-8 text-[11px] text-white/12 text-center">
-          Grouped by visual similarity · CLIP ViT-B/32
-        </p>
       )}
     </div>
   );

src/components/TitleBar.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
 import { getCurrentWindow } from "@tauri-apps/api/window";
+import { useGalleryStore } from "../store";
 
 // SVG icons for window controls
 function MinimizeIcon() {
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ function CloseIcon() {
 
 export function TitleBar() {
   const [isMaximized, setIsMaximized] = useState(false);
+  const setSettingsOpen = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setSettingsOpen);
   const appWindow = getCurrentWindow();
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -85,6 +87,17 @@ export function TitleBar() {
         className="flex items-stretch h-full"
         style={{ WebkitAppRegion: "no-drag" } as React.CSSProperties}
       >
+        <button
+          onClick={() => setSettingsOpen(true)}
+          title="Settings"
+          className="group flex h-full w-10 items-center justify-center text-gray-600 transition-colors duration-100 hover:bg-white/6 hover:text-gray-300"
+        >
+          <svg className="h-3.5 w-3.5" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
+            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.8} d="M10.325 4.317c.426-1.756 2.924-1.756 3.35 0a1.724 1.724 0 002.573 1.066c1.543-.94 3.31.826 2.37 2.37a1.724 1.724 0 001.065 2.572c1.756.426 1.756 2.924 0 3.35a1.724 1.724 0 00-1.066 2.573c.94 1.543-.826 3.31-2.37 2.37a1.724 1.724 0 00-2.572 1.065c-.426 1.756-2.924 1.756-3.35 0a1.724 1.724 0 00-2.573-1.066c-1.543.94-3.31-.826-2.37-2.37a1.724 1.724 0 00-1.065-2.572c-1.756-.426-1.756-2.924 0-3.35a1.724 1.724 0 001.066-2.573c-.94-1.543.826-3.31 2.37-2.37.996.607 2.296.07 2.572-1.065z" />
+            <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={1.8} d="M15 12a3 3 0 11-6 0 3 3 0 016 0z" />
+          </svg>
+        </button>
+
         {/* Minimize */}
         <button
           onClick={handleMinimize}

src/components/Toolbar.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
-import { tileSizeForZoom, useGalleryStore, SortOrder, MediaFilter, SearchMode } from "../store";
+import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
+import { tileSizeForZoom, useGalleryStore, SortOrder, MediaFilter, SearchCommand, parseSearchValue, searchModeLabel, ExploreTagEntry } from "../store";
 
 const BASE_SORT_OPTIONS: { value: SortOrder; label: string }[] = [
   { value: "date_desc", label: "Newest first" },
   { value: "date_asc", label: "Oldest first" },
   { value: "name_asc", label: "Name A–Z" },
   { value: "name_desc", label: "Name Z–A" },
+  { value: "rating_desc", label: "Highest rated" },
+  { value: "rating_asc", label: "Lowest rated" },
   { value: "size_desc", label: "Largest first" },
   { value: "size_asc", label: "Smallest first" },
 ];
@@ -116,12 +119,27 @@ function FilterPill({
   );
 }
 
+function commandPrefix(command: SearchCommand | null): string | null {
+  switch (command) {
+    case "semantic":
+      return "/s";
+    case "tag":
+      return "/t";
+    default:
+      return null;
+  }
+}
+
+function composeSearchValue(command: SearchCommand | null, query: string): string {
+  const prefix = commandPrefix(command);
+  if (!prefix) return query;
+  return query.length > 0 ? `${prefix} ${query}` : prefix;
+}
+
 export function Toolbar() {
   const search = useGalleryStore((state) => state.search);
   const setSearch = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setSearch);
   const clearSearch = useGalleryStore((state) => state.clearSearch);
-  const searchMode = useGalleryStore((state) => state.searchMode);
-  const setSearchMode = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setSearchMode);
   const sort = useGalleryStore((state) => state.sort);
   const setSort = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setSort);
   const totalImages = useGalleryStore((state) => state.totalImages);
@@ -133,20 +151,26 @@ export function Toolbar() {
   const setMediaFilter = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setMediaFilter);
   const favoritesOnly = useGalleryStore((state) => state.favoritesOnly);
   const setFavoritesOnly = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setFavoritesOnly);
+  const minimumRating = useGalleryStore((state) => state.minimumRating);
+  const setMinimumRating = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setMinimumRating);
   const failedEmbeddingsOnly = useGalleryStore((state) => state.failedEmbeddingsOnly);
   const setFailedEmbeddingsOnly = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setFailedEmbeddingsOnly);
+  const similarScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.similarScope);
+  const setSimilarScope = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setSimilarScope);
   const mediaJobProgress = useGalleryStore((state) => state.mediaJobProgress);
   const zoomPreset = useGalleryStore((state) => state.zoomPreset);
   const setZoomPreset = useGalleryStore((state) => state.setZoomPreset);
 
   const hasAnyFailedEmbeddings = Object.values(mediaJobProgress).some((p) => p.embedding_failed > 0);
 
-  const [searchValue, setSearchValue] = useState(search);
+  const [searchCommand, setSearchCommand] = useState<SearchCommand | null>(null);
+  const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(search);
+  const [searchPanelOpen, setSearchPanelOpen] = useState(false);
+  const [tagSuggestions, setTagSuggestions] = useState<ExploreTagEntry[]>([]);
   const debounceRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
+  const suggestDebounceRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null);
   const searchInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
-  // Tracks whether the user has typed in the search box at least once.
+  const searchShellRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
-  // Prevents the debounce effect from dispatching setSearch on initial mount
-  // when searchValue === search (which would wipe a loadSimilarImages result).
   const userHasTyped = useRef(false);
 
   const selectedFolder = folders.find((folder) => folder.id === selectedFolderId);
@@ -154,11 +178,8 @@ export function Toolbar() {
   const tileSize = tileSizeForZoom(zoomPreset);
   const sortOptions = getSortOptions(mediaFilter);
   const hasActiveSearch = search.trim().length > 0;
-
+  const parsedSearch = parseSearchValue(composeSearchValue(searchCommand, searchQuery));
-  const searchModes: { value: SearchMode; label: string }[] = [
+  const isSimilarResults = collectionTitle === "Similar Images";
-    { value: "filename", label: "Filename" },
-    { value: "semantic", label: "Semantic" },
-  ];
 
   // If current sort is video-only but we switched away from video filter, reset to date_desc
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -170,35 +191,62 @@ export function Toolbar() {
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!userHasTyped.current) return;
     if (debounceRef.current) clearTimeout(debounceRef.current);
-    debounceRef.current = setTimeout(() => { setSearch(searchValue); }, 200);
+    debounceRef.current = setTimeout(() => { setSearch(composeSearchValue(searchCommand, searchQuery)); }, 200);
     return () => { if (debounceRef.current) clearTimeout(debounceRef.current); };
-  }, [searchValue, setSearch]);
+  }, [searchCommand, searchQuery, setSearch]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    setSearchValue(search);
+    const parsed = parseSearchValue(search);
+    setSearchCommand(parsed.prefix && parsed.mode !== "filename" ? parsed.mode : null);
+    setSearchQuery(parsed.prefix ? parsed.query : search);
   }, [search]);
 
+  // Fetch tag suggestions when in tag mode
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (searchCommand !== "tag") {
+      setTagSuggestions([]);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (suggestDebounceRef.current) clearTimeout(suggestDebounceRef.current);
+    suggestDebounceRef.current = setTimeout(async () => {
+      try {
+        const results = await invoke<ExploreTagEntry[]>("search_tags_autocomplete", {
+          params: { query: searchQuery.trim(), folder_id: selectedFolderId ?? null, limit: 10 },
+        });
+        setTagSuggestions(results);
+      } catch {
+        setTagSuggestions([]);
+      }
+    }, 120);
+    return () => { if (suggestDebounceRef.current) clearTimeout(suggestDebounceRef.current); };
+  }, [searchCommand, searchQuery, selectedFolderId]);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     const handleKeyDown = (event: KeyboardEvent) => {
-      const isModeToggle = (event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey) && event.shiftKey && event.key.toLowerCase() === "s";
-      if (isModeToggle) {
-        event.preventDefault();
-        setSearchMode(searchMode === "semantic" ? "filename" : "semantic");
-        searchInputRef.current?.focus();
-        return;
-      }
-
       const activeElement = document.activeElement;
       const searchFocused = activeElement === searchInputRef.current;
       if (event.key === "Escape" && (searchFocused || hasActiveSearch)) {
         event.preventDefault();
-        setSearchValue("");
+        setSearchCommand(null);
+        setSearchQuery("");
         clearSearch();
       }
     };
     window.addEventListener("keydown", handleKeyDown);
     return () => window.removeEventListener("keydown", handleKeyDown);
-  }, [clearSearch, hasActiveSearch, searchMode, setSearchMode]);
+  }, [clearSearch, hasActiveSearch]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const close = (event: PointerEvent) => {
+      if (searchShellRef.current?.contains(event.target as Node)) return;
+      setSearchPanelOpen(false);
+    };
+    window.addEventListener("pointerdown", close);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener("pointerdown", close);
+  }, []);
+
+  const showTagSuggestions = searchCommand === "tag" && searchPanelOpen;
+  const showCommandHints = !searchCommand && searchPanelOpen;
 
   return (
     <div className="relative z-20 shrink-0 border-b border-white/[0.06] bg-gray-950/80 backdrop-blur-xl">
@@ -212,9 +260,9 @@ export function Toolbar() {
               ? `${loadedCount.toLocaleString()} / ${totalImages.toLocaleString()}`
               : totalImages.toLocaleString()}
           </span>
-          {(hasActiveSearch || searchMode === "semantic") && (
+          {hasActiveSearch && (
             <span className="rounded-md border border-blue-500/20 bg-blue-500/10 px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-blue-300 shrink-0">
-              {searchMode === "semantic" ? "Semantic Search" : "Filename Search"}
+              {searchModeLabel(parsedSearch.mode)}
             </span>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -222,23 +270,8 @@ export function Toolbar() {
         <div className="flex-1" />
 
         {/* Search */}
+        <div ref={searchShellRef} className="relative">
           <div className="flex items-center rounded-lg border border-white/8 bg-white/5 overflow-hidden">
-          <div className="flex items-center pl-2 pr-1 gap-1 border-r border-white/8">
-            {searchModes.map((mode) => (
-              <button
-                key={mode.value}
-                className={`rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-[11px] transition-colors ${
-                  searchMode === mode.value
-                    ? "bg-white/10 text-white"
-                    : "text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-200"
-                }`}
-                title={mode.value === "semantic" ? "Toggle with Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+S" : "Toggle with Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+S"}
-                onClick={() => setSearchMode(mode.value)}
-              >
-                {mode.label}
-              </button>
-            ))}
-          </div>
             <div className="relative">
               <svg className="pointer-events-none absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 h-3.5 w-3.5 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-600"
                 fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
@@ -248,20 +281,50 @@ export function Toolbar() {
               <input
                 ref={searchInputRef}
                 type="text"
-              value={searchValue}
+                value={searchQuery}
                 onChange={(event) => {
                   userHasTyped.current = true;
-                setSearchValue(event.target.value);
+                  const nextValue = event.target.value;
+                  if (!searchCommand) {
+                    const parsed = parseSearchValue(nextValue);
+                    if (parsed.prefix) {
+                      setSearchCommand(parsed.mode === "filename" ? null : parsed.mode);
+                      setSearchQuery(parsed.query);
+                      return;
+                    }
+                  }
+                  setSearchQuery(nextValue);
                 }}
-              placeholder={searchMode === "semantic" ? "Search by meaning..." : "Search filenames..."}
+                onKeyDown={(event) => {
-              className="w-64 bg-transparent py-1.5 pl-8 pr-9 text-sm text-white placeholder:text-gray-600 focus:outline-none transition-colors"
+                  if (event.key === "Backspace" && searchQuery.length === 0 && searchCommand !== null) {
+                    event.preventDefault();
+                    setSearchCommand(null);
+                  }
+                }}
+                onFocus={() => setSearchPanelOpen(true)}
+                placeholder="Search files, or use /s /t"
+                className={`w-64 bg-transparent py-1.5 pr-9 text-sm text-white placeholder:text-gray-600 focus:outline-none transition-colors ${searchCommand !== null ? "pl-16" : "pl-8"}`}
               />
-            {searchValue.trim().length > 0 && (
+              {searchCommand !== null ? (
+                <div className="absolute left-8 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2">
+                  <button
+                    type="button"
+                    className="rounded-md border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.05] px-1.5 py-0.5 font-mono text-[11px] text-gray-300 transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.08] hover:text-white"
+                    onClick={() => { setSearchCommand(null); setTagSuggestions([]); }}
+                    title="Remove search command"
+                  >
+                    {commandPrefix(searchCommand)}
+                  </button>
+                </div>
+              ) : null}
+              {searchQuery.trim().length > 0 || searchCommand !== null ? (
                 <button
                   className="absolute right-2 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 rounded-md p-1 text-gray-500 hover:bg-white/5 hover:text-gray-200 transition-colors"
                   title="Clear search"
                   onClick={() => {
-                  setSearchValue("");
+                    setSearchCommand(null);
+                    setSearchQuery("");
+                    setTagSuggestions([]);
                     clearSearch();
                   }}
                 >
@@ -269,10 +332,80 @@ export function Toolbar() {
                     <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M6 18L18 6M6 6l12 12" />
                   </svg>
                 </button>
-            )}
+              ) : null}
             </div>
           </div>
 
+          {/* Tag autocomplete suggestions */}
+          {showTagSuggestions && tagSuggestions.length > 0 ? (
+            <div className="absolute left-0 top-full z-30 mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-xl border border-white/10 bg-gray-950/98 py-1 shadow-2xl backdrop-blur">
+              {tagSuggestions.map((entry) => (
+                <button
+                  key={entry.tag}
+                  className="flex w-full items-center justify-between gap-3 px-3 py-2 text-left transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.05]"
+                  onMouseDown={(e) => {
+                    // mousedown fires before input blur, so we prevent losing focus
+                    e.preventDefault();
+                    userHasTyped.current = true;
+                    setSearchQuery(entry.tag);
+                    setSearch(`/t ${entry.tag}`);
+                    setSearchPanelOpen(false);
+                    searchInputRef.current?.blur();
+                  }}
+                >
+                  <span className="text-sm text-white/88">{entry.tag}</span>
+                  <span className="shrink-0 text-[11px] tabular-nums text-white/30">{entry.count.toLocaleString()}</span>
+                </button>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+
+          {/* Tag mode with no suggestions yet — show a brief hint */}
+          {showTagSuggestions && tagSuggestions.length === 0 && searchQuery.trim().length > 0 ? (
+            <div className="absolute left-0 top-full z-30 mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-xl border border-white/10 bg-gray-950/98 px-3 py-2.5 shadow-2xl backdrop-blur">
+              <p className="text-xs text-white/25">No matching tags</p>
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+
+          {/* Semantic mode hint */}
+          {searchCommand === "semantic" && searchPanelOpen ? (
+            <div className="absolute left-0 top-full z-30 mt-1.5 w-72 rounded-xl border border-white/10 bg-gray-950/98 px-3 py-2.5 shadow-2xl backdrop-blur">
+              <p className="text-xs text-white/40">Search by meaning and visual concepts</p>
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+
+          {/* Command hints — only shown when no command is active */}
+          {showCommandHints ? (
+            <div className="absolute left-0 top-full z-30 mt-1.5 w-64 rounded-xl border border-white/10 bg-gray-950/98 py-1 shadow-2xl backdrop-blur">
+              {(
+                [
+                  { command: "tag" as SearchCommand, prefix: "/t", label: "Tags", description: "Search AI and user tags" },
+                  { command: "semantic" as SearchCommand, prefix: "/s", label: "Semantic", description: "Search by meaning" },
+                ] as const
+              ).map((option) => (
+                <button
+                  key={option.prefix}
+                  className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2 text-left transition-colors hover:bg-white/[0.05]"
+                  onMouseDown={(e) => {
+                    e.preventDefault();
+                    userHasTyped.current = true;
+                    setSearchCommand(option.command);
+                    searchInputRef.current?.focus();
+                  }}
+                >
+                  <span className="rounded border border-white/10 bg-white/[0.04] px-1.5 py-0.5 font-mono text-[11px] text-gray-400">
+                    {option.prefix}
+                  </span>
+                  <div>
+                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-200">{option.label}</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{option.description}</p>
+                  </div>
+                </button>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          ) : null}
+        </div>
+
         {/* Sort */}
         <SortDropdown value={sort} onChange={setSort} options={sortOptions} />
 
@@ -302,10 +435,14 @@ export function Toolbar() {
 
       {/* Filter row */}
       <div className="flex items-center gap-1 px-4 pb-1.5">
-        <FilterPill label="All" active={mediaFilter === "all" && !favoritesOnly && !failedEmbeddingsOnly} onClick={() => { setMediaFilter("all"); setFavoritesOnly(false); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
+        <FilterPill label="All" active={mediaFilter === "all" && !favoritesOnly && !failedEmbeddingsOnly && minimumRating === 0} onClick={() => { setMediaFilter("all"); setFavoritesOnly(false); setMinimumRating(0); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
         <FilterPill label="Images" active={mediaFilter === "image" && !favoritesOnly && !failedEmbeddingsOnly} onClick={() => { setMediaFilter("image"); setFavoritesOnly(false); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
         <FilterPill label="Videos" active={mediaFilter === "video" && !favoritesOnly && !failedEmbeddingsOnly} onClick={() => { setMediaFilter("video"); setFavoritesOnly(false); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
         <FilterPill label="Favorites" active={favoritesOnly} onClick={() => { setFavoritesOnly(!favoritesOnly); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
+        <FilterPill label="Rated" active={minimumRating === 1} onClick={() => { setMinimumRating(minimumRating === 1 ? 0 : 1); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
+        <FilterPill label="4★+" active={minimumRating === 4} onClick={() => { setMinimumRating(minimumRating === 4 ? 0 : 4); setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(false); }} />
+        <FilterPill label="Similar: Folder" active={similarScope === "current_folder"} onClick={() => setSimilarScope("current_folder")} />
+        <FilterPill label="Similar: All" active={similarScope === "all_media"} onClick={() => setSimilarScope("all_media")} />
         {hasAnyFailedEmbeddings ? (
           <FilterPill
             label="Failed Embeddings"
@@ -314,6 +451,7 @@ export function Toolbar() {
             onClick={() => setFailedEmbeddingsOnly(!failedEmbeddingsOnly)}
           />
         ) : null}
+        {isSimilarResults ? <span className="ml-2 text-[11px] text-gray-500">Current similar scope: {similarScope === "current_folder" ? "current folder" : "all media"}</span> : null}
       </div>
     </div>
   );

src/notifications.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import {
+  isPermissionGranted,
+  requestPermission,
+  sendNotification,
+} from "@tauri-apps/plugin-notification";
+
+let permissionPromise: Promise<boolean> | null = null;
+
+export function initializeNotifications(): Promise<boolean> {
+  permissionPromise ??= (async () => {
+    try {
+      if (await isPermissionGranted()) return true;
+      return (await requestPermission()) === "granted";
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn("Windows notifications are unavailable:", error);
+      return false;
+    }
+  })();
+
+  return permissionPromise;
+}
+
+export async function notifyTaskComplete(title: string, body: string): Promise<void> {
+  if (!(await initializeNotifications())) return;
+
+  try {
+    sendNotification({ title, body });
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn("Could not send task completion notification:", error);
+  }
+}